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Questions and Answers
During a reflex action, which type of neuron is responsible for carrying an impulse to a muscle to initiate a response?
During a reflex action, which type of neuron is responsible for carrying an impulse to a muscle to initiate a response?
- Interneuron
- Neurotransmitter
- Motor Neuron (correct)
- Sensory Neuron
Which of the following accurately describes the role of the cerebellum in the human body?
Which of the following accurately describes the role of the cerebellum in the human body?
- Coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance. (correct)
- Interpreting sensory input and initiating complex thought processes.
- Controlling involuntary actions such as heartbeat and digestion.
- Connecting the two brain hemispheres and coordinating brain activity.
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon of a neuron?
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon of a neuron?
- To insulate and protect the axon, facilitating faster transmission of electrical signals. (correct)
- To detect stimuli and send impulses to other neurons.
- To carry impulses to muscles or glands, creating a response.
- To connect neurons together within the brain and spinal cord.
How do neurotransmitters facilitate communication between two neurons?
How do neurotransmitters facilitate communication between two neurons?
Which division of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as walking and writing?
Which division of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as walking and writing?
Damage to which part of the brain would most likely disrupt a person's ability to interpret sensory information?
Damage to which part of the brain would most likely disrupt a person's ability to interpret sensory information?
Which of the following describes the role of interneurons within the nervous system?
Which of the following describes the role of interneurons within the nervous system?
Which component of a neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
Which component of a neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
A person who prefers to learn through visual aids, such as pictures and graphs, and enjoys spontaneity likely relies more on which side of their brain?
A person who prefers to learn through visual aids, such as pictures and graphs, and enjoys spontaneity likely relies more on which side of their brain?
What is the central function of the brain stem?
What is the central function of the brain stem?
Flashcards
Reflex
Reflex
A rapid, automatic response that occurs without conscious control.
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscles during movement and helps maintain balance.
Cerebrum
Cerebrum
Interprets sensory input, controls movement, and handles complex thought and memory.
Brain Stem
Brain Stem
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Neuron
Neuron
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Stimulus
Stimulus
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Synapse
Synapse
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Sensory Neuron
Sensory Neuron
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Motor Neuron
Motor Neuron
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Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
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Study Notes
- Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses occurring without conscious control.
- The cerebellum coordinates muscles during movement and helps maintain balance.
Brain Functions
- The cerebrum interprets sensory input, controls movement, and manages complex thought and memory.
- The brain stem controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, breathing, and digestion.
- The cortex connects the two brain hemispheres and coordinates brain activity.
Neurons
- Neurons are specialized cells that carry messages around the body.
- A stimulus is an event that causes an organism to react.
- A synapse is a gap junction between two neurons.
- Sensory neurons detect stimuli and send impulses to other neurons.
- Motor neurons carry impulses to muscles or glands to create a response.
- Interneurons connect neurons together and are found in the brain and spinal cord.
- Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit impulses between neurons.
- An impulse is an electrical signal that travels along a neuron to transmit information.
- The axon is the portion of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
- Dendrites are short, branched extensions of a neuron that receive electrical signals from other neurons.
- The soma, or cell body, is the main part of a neuron containing the nucleus and processes information.
Nervous Systems
- The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a network of nerves connecting the body and carries impulses to and from the Central Nervous System (CNS).
- The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the brain and spinal cord. It acts as the control center of the body.
- The Somatic Nervous System controls voluntary body movements and sensory functions.
- The Autonomic Nervous System regulates involuntary physiologic processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and digestion.
- The Myelin Sheath is an insulating layer that surrounds and protects axons in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Functions
- A response is an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus being detected by the body.
- Calcium channels are proteins in cell membranes that control the flow of calcium ions, aiding muscle movement and nerve signals.
- A hemisphere is one of the two halves of the cerebrum.
The Five Senses
- Sight
- Smell
- Taste
- Hearing
- Touch
Brain Characteristics
- The right brain is associated with creativity, pictures and graphs, doing and remembering, chaos, and spontaneity.
- The left brain is associated with logical thinking, reading and remembering, words and symbols, orderliness, and predictability.
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