8 Questions
What was the main objective of the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
To establish a metropolitan-level administrative body for Brihan Mumbai
How many elected councillors were part of the municipal corporation established under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
227
What did the composition of the municipal corporation include under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
227 elected councillors and five nominated councillors
How were councillors elected under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
At ward elections
Which of the following was a responsibility of the municipal corporation under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
Maintaining water works, drainage, and public health
How was the municipal corporation held accountable to the people under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
Through a commissioner appointed by the state government
What did the commissioner appointed by the state government oversee in relation to the municipal corporation?
Accountability and administration
What power did the municipal corporation have under the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888?
Authority to make by-laws and rules for its functioning
Study Notes
The Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888: A Historical Perspective
In 1888, the British colonial government passed the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act, aiming to establish a metropolitan-level administrative body for Brihan Mumbai, now known as Mumbai. This act was a significant step towards improving local governance and public services in the region.
Preliminary Matters
- The act solely applies to Brihan Mumbai, which encompasses the city and its outlying areas.
- The act repealed several earlier enactments and established a single municipal corporation.
Composition of the Corporation
- The municipal corporation consisted of 227 elected councillors and five nominated councillors with specific knowledge or experience in municipal administration.
- The number of councillors could change after the expiration of their term.
Key Components
Elective Process
- Councillors were elected at ward elections.
- The act provided for reserved seats for citizens from specific communities.
Duties and Powers
- The corporation was responsible for levying rates, taxes, and maintaining various services, such as water works, drainage, and public health.
- It had the authority to make by-laws and rules for its functioning.
Accountability
- The corporation was accountable to the people through a commissioner, who was appointed by the state government.
- The commissioner could be assisted by an additional municipal commissioner.
Amendments and Reforms
The act has been amended multiple times to address changing urban needs and social realities. For example:
- The Maharashtra Municipal Corporations and Municipal Councils (Amendment) Act of 1994 introduced reserved seats for women.
- The Maharashtra Municipal Corporations (Amendment) Act of 2016 sought to amend the act further to accommodate modern requirements.
Conclusion
The Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888 has been a cornerstone of urban governance in Mumbai, providing a framework for public services and local administration. Its amendments and reforms reflect the changing needs of the city and its citizens throughout the years.
Test your knowledge on the historical background, composition, key components, amendments, and reforms related to the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act of 1888. Explore how this act shaped urban governance in Mumbai and its impact on public services and local administration.
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