The Metabolism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic class of molecules that make up animals, plants, and microbes?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Aluminum (correct)
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic acids

    • Which of the following is a major class of lipids?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Amino acids
  • Nucleotides
  • Steroids (correct)

    • Which of the following is a coenzyme involved in group-transfer reactions in metabolism?

  • NAD+ (correct)
  • DNA
  • ATP
  • RNA

    • What is the function of ATP in cellular metabolism?

    <p>To transfer chemical energy between different reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the main functions of metabolism?

    <p>Conversion of energy in food to energy available for cellular processes, conversion of food to building blocks, elimination of metabolic wastes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes catabolic reactions in metabolism?

    <p>Breaking down of compounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes anabolic reactions in metabolism?

    <p>Building up of compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between the Gibbs free energy of activation, enthalpy of activation, and entropy of activation?

    <p>$\Delta G^‡ = \Delta H^‡ - T \Delta S^‡$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe the energy required to start a chemical reaction?

    <p>Activation energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

    <p>To increase the rate of reaction without being consumed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes enzymes?

    <p>Enzymes are molecules that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in metabolic processes?

    <p>Enzymes increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enzymes differ from most other catalysts?

    <p>Enzymes are much more specific. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the process of breaking down protein, starch, or fat stains on clothes using enzymes?

    <p>Digestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in denaturation?

    <p>Enzymes unfold when heated or exposed to the wrong PH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active site of an enzyme?

    <p>The site where amino acids are directly involved in catalysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors are most important in influencing enzyme activity?

    <p>Temperature and pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most favorable pH for the growth of an organism?

    <p>Optimum growth pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest pH value that an organism can tolerate?

    <p>Minimum growth pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest pH value that an organism can tolerate?

    <p>Maximum growth pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range for acidic environments?

    <p>Below 7.0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the graph, what is the optimal PH of Pepsin?

    <p>2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal PH for Trypsin?

    <p>8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes non-competitive inhibition?

    <p>The inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally well to the enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of non-competitive inhibition?

    <p>The inhibitor and the substrate may both be bound to the enzyme at any given time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?

    <p>Competitive inhibition affects the substrate's ability to bind by binding an inhibitor in place of a substrate, which lowers the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes feedback in a system?

    <p>The process of routing outputs back as inputs in a chain of cause-and-effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inhibition occurs when the inhibitor binds only to the enzyme-substrate complex?

    <p>Uncompetitive inhibition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of inhibition reduces the activity of the enzyme without affecting the binding of the substrate?

    <p>Non-competitive inhibition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an enzyme inhibitor?

    <p>A molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzyme inhibitors in cells?

    <p>To control the activity of enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Graphic below represents which type of enzyme inhibition?

    <p>Feedback (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an endergonic reaction?

    <p>The free energy of the products is higher than the free energy of the reactants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about exergonic reactions?

    <p>The free energy of the reactants is higher than the free energy of the products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

    <p>A reaction that releases free energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions?

    <p>Endergonic reactions require energy input, while exergonic reactions release energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about exergonic reactions is true?

    <p>Exergonic reactions have a higher free energy in the reactants compared to the products. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes endergonic reactions?

    <p>Endergonic reactions have a higher free energy in the products compared to the reactants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the overall reaction of glycolysis?

    <p>C6H12O6 + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2P → 2Pyruvate + 2NADH + 2ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net yield of ATP molecules from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate in simple fermentations?

    <p>2 ATP molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between aerobic respiration and glycolysis in terms of ATP synthesis?

    <p>Aerobic respiration synthesizes much more ATP than glycolysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the overall reaction of glycolysis?

    <p>Conversion of glucose into pyruvate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the two phases of glycolysis?

    <p>Investment phase and Yield phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of glycolysis consumes ATP?

    <p>Investment phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does Glycolysis occur?

    <p>Cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?

    <p>2 NADH, 2 CO2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pyruvate is oxidized into which molecule that enters the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Acetyl CoA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cycles of the citric acid cycle are required to completely oxidize one molecule of glucose?

    <p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated total number of ATP molecules obtained after complete oxidation of one glucose in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation(ETC)?

    <p>30 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate net production of ATP from NADH and FADH2 in oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The beginning step of the citric acid cycle Acetyl CoA will combine with ________________ forming citrate.

    <p>Oxaloacetate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For each turn of the Krebs cycle, which of the following is produced?

    <p>two CO2 molecules, one ATP molecule, one FADH2 molecule, and three NADH molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the below diagram what process is being represented?

    <p>ETC/Chemiosmosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeled as #1?

    <p>Proton pump (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeled as #2

    <p>ATP Synthase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeled as #3

    <p>A proton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeled as #4

    <p>Final electron acceptor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeled as #5

    <p>Electron carrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the flow of electrons in #6

    <p>High to Low (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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