59 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a basic class of molecules that make up animals, plants, and microbes?
Aluminum
Which of the following is a major class of lipids?
Steroids
Which of the following is a coenzyme involved in group-transfer reactions in metabolism?
NAD+
What is the function of ATP in cellular metabolism?
To transfer chemical energy between different reactions
Which of the following best describes the main functions of metabolism?
Conversion of energy in food to energy available for cellular processes, conversion of food to building blocks, elimination of metabolic wastes
Which of the following best describes catabolic reactions in metabolism?
Breaking down of compounds
Which of the following best describes anabolic reactions in metabolism?
Building up of compounds
Which equation represents the relationship between the Gibbs free energy of activation, enthalpy of activation, and entropy of activation?
$\Delta G^‡ = \Delta H^‡ - T \Delta S^‡$
Which term is used to describe the energy required to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
To increase the rate of reaction without being consumed
Which of the following best describes enzymes?
Enzymes are molecules that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
What is the role of enzymes in metabolic processes?
Enzymes increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy.
How do enzymes differ from most other catalysts?
Enzymes are much more specific.
What term is used to describe the process of breaking down protein, starch, or fat stains on clothes using enzymes?
Digestion
What is the role of enzymes in denaturation?
Enzymes unfold when heated or exposed to the wrong PH
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The site where amino acids are directly involved in catalysis
Which factors are most important in influencing enzyme activity?
Temperature and pH
Which of the following is the most favorable pH for the growth of an organism?
Optimum growth pH
What is the lowest pH value that an organism can tolerate?
Minimum growth pH
What is the highest pH value that an organism can tolerate?
Maximum growth pH
What is the pH range for acidic environments?
Below 7.0
According to the graph, what is the optimal PH of Pepsin?
2
What is the optimal PH for Trypsin?
8
Which of the following best describes non-competitive inhibition?
The inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally well to the enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate.
What is the mechanism of non-competitive inhibition?
The inhibitor and the substrate may both be bound to the enzyme at any given time
What is the primary difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?
Competitive inhibition affects the substrate's ability to bind by binding an inhibitor in place of a substrate, which lowers the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate.
Which of the following best describes feedback in a system?
The process of routing outputs back as inputs in a chain of cause-and-effect
What type of inhibition occurs when the inhibitor binds only to the enzyme-substrate complex?
Uncompetitive inhibition
Which type of inhibition reduces the activity of the enzyme without affecting the binding of the substrate?
Non-competitive inhibition
Which of the following best describes an enzyme inhibitor?
A molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity
What is the role of enzyme inhibitors in cells?
To control the activity of enzymes
The Graphic below represents which type of enzyme inhibition?
Feedback
Which of the following best describes an endergonic reaction?
The free energy of the products is higher than the free energy of the reactants
Which of the following is true about exergonic reactions?
The free energy of the reactants is higher than the free energy of the products
Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?
A reaction that releases free energy
What is the primary difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions?
Endergonic reactions require energy input, while exergonic reactions release energy
Which of the following statements about exergonic reactions is true?
Exergonic reactions have a higher free energy in the reactants compared to the products.
Which of the following best describes endergonic reactions?
Endergonic reactions have a higher free energy in the products compared to the reactants.
Which of the following is the overall reaction of glycolysis?
C6H12O6 + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2P → 2Pyruvate + 2NADH + 2ATP
What is the net yield of ATP molecules from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate in simple fermentations?
2 ATP molecules
What is the primary difference between aerobic respiration and glycolysis in terms of ATP synthesis?
Aerobic respiration synthesizes much more ATP than glycolysis.
Which of the following best describes the overall reaction of glycolysis?
Conversion of glucose into pyruvate
Which of the following best describes the two phases of glycolysis?
Investment phase and Yield phase
Which phase of glycolysis consumes ATP?
Investment phase
Where does Glycolysis occur?
Cytoplasm
What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?
2 NADH, 2 CO2
Pyruvate is oxidized into which molecule that enters the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl CoA
How many cycles of the citric acid cycle are required to completely oxidize one molecule of glucose?
2
What is the estimated total number of ATP molecules obtained after complete oxidation of one glucose in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation(ETC)?
30
What is the approximate net production of ATP from NADH and FADH2 in oxidative phosphorylation?
2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2
The beginning step of the citric acid cycle Acetyl CoA will combine with ________________ forming citrate.
Oxaloacetate
For each turn of the Krebs cycle, which of the following is produced?
two CO2 molecules, one ATP molecule, one FADH2 molecule, and three NADH molecules
In the below diagram what process is being represented?
ETC/Chemiosmosis
What is labeled as #1?
Proton pump
What is labeled as #2
ATP Synthase
What is labeled as #3
A proton
What is labeled as #4
Final electron acceptor
What is labeled as #5
Electron carrier
Describe the flow of electrons in #6
High to Low
Test your knowledge on metabolism and its functions with this informative quiz. Explore the conversion of energy in food, the production of building blocks, and the elimination of metabolic wastes. Challenge yourself and learn more about this essential process in organisms.
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