The Living World Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who is considered the 'Darwin of the 20th century'?

  • Charles Darwin
  • Alfred Russel Wallace
  • Gregor Mendel
  • Ernst Mayr (correct)

    • Where was Ernst Mayr born?

  • United States
  • England
  • France
  • Germany (correct)

    • What is Ernst Mayr known for?

  • Developing the theory of evolution
  • Founding the field of ecology
  • Discovering the structure of DNA
  • Advancing the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory (correct)

    • Which two characteristics are considered 'twin characteristics of growth'?

    <p>Increase in size and increase in number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding growth and reproduction in living organisms?

    <p>Growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a defining feature of living organisms?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which taxonomic category is characterized by plant and animal species?

    <p>Family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the taxonomic category 'Felis genus', how many species are typically included?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common characteristic of taxonomic order?

    <p>Number of common characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix generally used for the classification of families in plants and animals?

    <p>-aceae, -idae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a correct order of taxonomic categories from highest to lowest?

    <p>Family, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as a quick referral system in taxonomic studies?

    <p>Classification keys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What language are biological names generally in?

    <p>Latin, italics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who provided agreed principles and criteria for plants?

    <p>Carolus Linnaeus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of classification called?

    <p>Taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the founder of Taxonomy?

    <p>Carolus Linnaeus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do biological taxonomic groups represent?

    <p>Distinct biological entities only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Systema' means systematic arrangement of what?

    <p><strong>Organisms</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a herbarium?

    <p>To store dried, pressed plant specimens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mnemonic for remembering the taxonomic categories Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species?

    <p>Kind People Can Often Find Great Sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a taxonomic category?

    <p>Analytical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym ICBN stand for in the context of biology?

    <p>International Code for Biological Nomenclature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is taxonomy primarily concerned with?

    <p>Characterizing, identifying, classifying, and naming organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Latin names often italicized when written?

    <p>As a convention to indicate that they are scientific names</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is indicated on each plant label?

    <p>Scientific name and classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are insects preserved in a museum after collection?

    <p>Drying, pinning, and labeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are larger animals typically preserved?

    <p>Taxidermy and skeletonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do zoological parks help us to learn about animals?

    <p>Habitat requirements and diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are keys based on when used for plant identification?

    <p>Scientific names and characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Taxonomy and Classification

    • Properties of tissues arise from the interactions among the molecular components comprising the organelle
    • Number of species known and described range between 1.7-1.8 million
    • Agreed principles and criteria for plants are provided by ICBN (International Code of Botanical Nomenclature)
    • Animals are named by ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature)
    • Founder of Taxonomy is Aristotle
    • Carolus Linnaeus gave the concept of Binomial Nomenclature
    • Biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics
    • Specific epithet starts with a small letter

    Taxonomic Categories

    • The taxonomic groups are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates
    • Taxonomic categories from highest to lowest: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
    • Solanum genus includes species like Nigrum, melongena, and tuberosum
    • Panthera includes species like Leo, tigris, and pardus
    • Family Solanaceae contains genera like Solanum, Petunia, and Datura
    • Felidae contains genus Panthera and Felis

    Taxonomic Aids

    • Herbarium is a storehouse of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed, and preserved on sheets
    • Herbarium serves as a quick referral system in taxonomic studies
    • Herbarium sheets carry a label providing information about date and place of collection, English, local, and botanical names, family, collector's name, and other details
    • Museums have collections of preserved specimens, including skeletons of animals

    The Living World

    • Ernst Mayr is known as the "Darwin of the 20th century"
    • Increase in mass and number are twin characteristics of growth
    • Growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive in some organisms
    • Living organisms grow intrinsically
    • Reproduction is a defining property of living organisms
    • Metabolism is the sum total of all chemical reactions occurring in the body
    • Cellular organization is a defining feature of living organisms
    • Consciousness is a defining feature of living organisms

    Defining Features of Living Organisms

    • Metabolism
    • Consciousness
    • Cellular organization

    Biological Species

    • Ernst Mayr is known for defining biological species
    • A biological species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

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