The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi

Study Notes

Introduction

Mahatma Gandhi, known as the Father of the Nation in India, significantly contributed to India's independence from British rule.
His methods of non-violence and civil disobedience influenced global civil rights movements.

Early Life

Born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India, to a middle-class family.
Married Kasturba Makhanji at the age of 13.
Moved to London at 18 to study law and later returned to practice law in India.
Spent 21 years in South Africa combating discrimination.

Return to India and Fight for Independence

Returned to India in 1915 and engaged in the independence movement.
Led significant campaigns such as the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and Quit India Movement.
Promoted the boycott of British goods and institutions as a means of resistance.

Philosophy of Non-Violence

Non-violence, termed ahimsa, was the cornerstone of Gandhi's activism.
Advocated that violence perpetuates further violence; peaceful methods yield more sustainable change.
His philosophy inspired global leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela.

Salt March

The Salt March in 1930 was a pivotal act of civil disobedience against the British salt tax.
Gandhi and followers covered 240 miles to the Arabian Sea to produce their own salt.
This act garnered international attention and showcased the injustices of British colonial rule.

Legacy

Assassinated on January 30, 1948, by a Hindu nationalist opposed to his advocacy for religious tolerance.
Gandhi's legacy endures, with his principles of non-violence and peaceful protest continuing to inspire justice and equality movements worldwide.

Description

This quiz explores the life and contributions of Mahatma Gandhi, the iconic leader of India's independence movement. Delve into his early life, principles of non-violence, and the global impact of his philosophy. Test your knowledge of his legacy and influences on civil rights movements around the world.