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Questions and Answers
What does legitimacy refer to in the context of policing?
How does the perception of fairness affect beliefs about legal authority's legitimacy?
Which type of experience influences perceptions of police officer legitimacy?
What might be a consequence of expensive police misconduct cases for municipalities?
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What does Tom Tyler assert about the relationship between fair treatment and perceptions of police legitimacy?
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What results from feeling disrespected by police during an encounter?
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What can lead to the formation of subjective appraisals about policing?
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What aspect is primarily affected by police misconduct cases beyond financial costs?
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What is a key reason why the public often reacts strongly to incidents involving police use of force?
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Research indicates that police use force in what percentage of citizen encounters annually?
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Which form of force is most commonly used by police during encounters?
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What aspect of police use of force shows a significant racial disparity?
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How does police misconduct manifest apart from the use of force?
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What is implicit in the analogy comparing police force to a surgeon's tools?
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What kind of encounters are most likely to result in the use of force by police?
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Why is contextualizing police use of force important?
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What major conclusion did the Knapp Commission reach regarding grass eaters compared to meat eaters?
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What was the average financial gain that some police officers were making monthly during the 1970s, as noted by the Knapp Commission?
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What is referred to as a 'code of silence' in the context of police corruption?
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How much did municipalities in the U.S. pay in total for police misconduct resolutions from 2006 to 2011?
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According to the findings of the Knapp Commission, which group had a greater propensity for corruption?
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What impact does police misconduct have on municipalities, as highlighted in the content?
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Why were grass eaters considered more problematic than meat eaters by the Knapp Commission?
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What aspect of police misconduct remains a challenge today, as noted in the content?
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Study Notes
The Knapp Commission and Police Corruption
- The Knapp Commission, a famous inquiry into police corruption in the 1970s, revealed widespread bribery within the New York City Police Department.
- Officers were accepting bribes for turning a blind eye to illegal activities, with some officers earning $3,500 a month.
- The commission identified two types of corrupt officers:
- Grass eaters: Accepted bribes that came their way, but didn't actively seek them.
- Meat eaters: Actively solicited opportunities for financial gain and engaged in serious corruption.
- Grass eaters were considered a bigger problem due to their sheer numbers and tendency to operate in secrecy.
- This secrecy created a "code of silence," hindering attempts to clean up corruption.
Impact of Police Misconduct
- Police misconduct is a costly problem for municipalities, with payouts for claims exceeding $735 million between 2006 and 2011.
- Municipalities bear the brunt of the financial responsibility for police misconduct cases, with individual officers contributing relatively small amounts.
Police Use of Force
- Police use force is generally infrequent, estimated to occur in less than 2% of encounters.
- When police use force, it typically involves lower-level actions like grabbing, pushing, or shoving.
- Force is most commonly used during arrests when the suspect is resisting.
- While police use force infrequently, it disproportionately affects minorities, particularly African Americans.
Police Legitimacy and Trust
- Police legitimacy refers to public perception of the lawfulness and fairness of police actions.
- People form opinions about police legitimacy based on direct and vicarious experiences.
- Direct experiences are personal encounters with police.
- Vicarious experiences involve witnessing or hearing about police encounters with others.
- Fairness in police actions is crucial for maintaining public trust and legitimacy.
- Legitimacy is influenced by an individual's perception of fair treatment during police interactions.
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Description
Explore the findings of the Knapp Commission, which investigated police corruption in New York City during the 1970s. Learn about the distinctions between grass eaters and meat eaters, and understand the broader implications of police misconduct on municipalities. This quiz delves into significant issues related to law enforcement and accountability.
