The Kidney Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the nephron forms a cup-like sack surrounding the glomerulus and collects the filtrate?

  • Bowman’s capsule (correct)
  • Collecting duct
  • Tubules
  • Kidneys

    • What happens to the urine after it is collected in the bladder?

  • It is reabsorbed by the tubules
  • It is temporarily stored in the bladder (correct)
  • It is filtered by the glomerulus
  • It is transported to the pelvis through ureters

    • What is the function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

  • To collect and transport urine to the bladder
  • To regulate blood pressure
  • To filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes (correct)
  • To reabsorb water and nutrients

    • Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Muscle wasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>0.8-1.0g/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oliguria?

    <p>Abnormally low amount of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended sodium intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>1-2g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

    <p>Infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

    <p>Filter blood to form urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Rise in serum creatinine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

    <p>Producing insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the final urine product form?

    <p>Collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

    <p>Filtering the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

    <p>Reabsorbing water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

    <p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

    <p>Filtering the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

    <p>Filtering the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

    <p>Collecting urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the final urine product form?

    <p>Collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decreased urine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Low protein intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

    <p>Infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the urine after it is collected in the bladder?

    <p>It is excreted from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oliguria?

    <p>Decreased urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>0.8-1.0g/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended sodium intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>1-2g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Rise in serum creatinine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

    <p>Heart failure, shock, or blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Edema, blood lipid abnormalities, rickets in children, infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oliguria?

    <p>Abnormally low amount of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

    <p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron forms a cup-like sack surrounding the glomerulus and collects the filtrate?

    <p>Bowman’s capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

    <p>Filtration of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of significant urinary protein losses caused by severe glomerular damage in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>0.8-1.0g/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of urinary losses of proteins that inhibit blood clotting in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Deep vein thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of elevated levels of LDL, VLDL, and lipoprotein(a) in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Blood lipid abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of loss of vitamin D binding protein in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Rickets in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of loss of antibodies in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Rise in serum creatinine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a severe reduction in blood flow to the kidneys in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decline in renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of factors that damage kidney tissue in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decline in renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of factors that prevent urine excretion due to urinary tract obstructions in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Reduced urinary output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

    <p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

    <p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

    <p>Collect urine and transport it to the bladder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

    <p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

    <p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

    <p>Reduced blood flow to the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oliguria?

    <p>Low urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the final urine product form?

    <p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decreased blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that can cause acute kidney injury?

    <p>Prostate disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced blood flow to the kidneys in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decline in renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oliguria?

    <p>Abnormally low amount of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of factors that damage kidney tissue in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Decline in renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of factors that prevent urine excretion due to urinary tract obstructions in acute kidney injury?

    <p>Reduced urinary output</p> Signup and view all the answers

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