The Kidney Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the nephron forms a cup-like sack surrounding the glomerulus and collects the filtrate?

  • Bowman’s capsule (correct)
  • Collecting duct
  • Tubules
  • Kidneys

What happens to the urine after it is collected in the bladder?

  • It is reabsorbed by the tubules
  • It is temporarily stored in the bladder (correct)
  • It is filtered by the glomerulus
  • It is transported to the pelvis through ureters

What is the function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

  • To collect and transport urine to the bladder
  • To regulate blood pressure
  • To filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes (correct)
  • To reabsorb water and nutrients

Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Muscle wasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>0.8-1.0g/kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

<p>Heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oliguria?

<p>Abnormally low amount of urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended sodium intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>1-2g/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

<p>Infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

<p>Filter blood to form urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

<p>Rise in serum creatinine levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

<p>Producing insulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the final urine product form?

<p>Collecting duct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

<p>Filtering the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

<p>Reabsorbing water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

<p>Erythropoietin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

<p>Filtering the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

<p>Filtering the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

<p>Collecting urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the final urine product form?

<p>Collecting duct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decreased urine production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Low protein intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

<p>Hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

<p>Infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the urine after it is collected in the bladder?

<p>It is excreted from the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oliguria?

<p>Decreased urine output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>0.8-1.0g/kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended sodium intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>1-2g/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

<p>Rise in serum creatinine levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

<p>Heart failure, shock, or blood loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Edema, blood lipid abnormalities, rickets in children, infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oliguria?

<p>Abnormally low amount of urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

<p>Erythropoietin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nephron forms a cup-like sack surrounding the glomerulus and collects the filtrate?

<p>Bowman’s capsule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

<p>Filtration of blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of significant urinary protein losses caused by severe glomerular damage in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended protein intake for patients with nephrotic syndrome?

<p>0.8-1.0g/kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of urinary losses of proteins that inhibit blood clotting in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Deep vein thrombosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of elevated levels of LDL, VLDL, and lipoprotein(a) in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Blood lipid abnormalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of loss of vitamin D binding protein in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Rickets in children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of loss of antibodies in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

<p>Rise in serum creatinine levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a severe reduction in blood flow to the kidneys in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decline in renal function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of factors that damage kidney tissue in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decline in renal function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of factors that prevent urine excretion due to urinary tract obstructions in acute kidney injury?

<p>Reduced urinary output (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

<p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule in the kidney?

<p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collecting duct in the kidney?

<p>Collect urine and transport it to the bladder. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

<p>Filter the blood and remove excess fluid and wastes in the urine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?

<p>Erythropoietin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the prerenal factors that can cause acute kidney injury?

<p>Reduced blood flow to the kidneys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oliguria?

<p>Low urine output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the final urine product form?

<p>Bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced urinary output in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decreased blood volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can cause acute kidney injury?

<p>Prostate disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced blood flow to the kidneys in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decline in renal function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oliguria?

<p>Abnormally low amount of urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of factors that damage kidney tissue in acute kidney injury?

<p>Decline in renal function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of factors that prevent urine excretion due to urinary tract obstructions in acute kidney injury?

<p>Reduced urinary output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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