The Invention of the Automobile: A Historical Perspective

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What was one of the main reasons for the invention of the automobile in the 19th century?

To meet the transport needs of a world in the midst of an industrial era (correct)

To provide a more convenient mode of transportation

To reduce the pollution caused by horse manure

To counteract the increase in population in major cities

What was a significant problem associated with the use of animal traction as a means of transport?

Horse manure pollution in urban areas (correct)

Lack of suitable roads for carriages and wagons

Unpredictable behavior of four-legged animals

High cost of maintaining horses and carriages

What was the immediate consequence of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?

Expansion of suitable roads for animal traction

Urgent need for better transportation in cities (correct)

Decrease in population migration to major cities

Increased demand for luxurious modes of transportation

Why did millions of people migrate to major metropolises during the Industrial Revolution?

To escape rural poverty and find better work opportunities Signup and view all the answers

What was the main problem caused by the horse-drawn carriages in New York City?

Traffic congestion and fatal accidents Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the consequences of the excessive accumulation of horse manure in New York City?

Pestilent fluid seeping into basements Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated daily production of equine excrement in New York City at the end of the nineteenth century?

Between one and two million kilograms Signup and view all the answers

What led to the creation of elevated staircases to houses in New York City?

The need to avoid walking through manure Signup and view all the answers

How did New York authorities attempt to manage the issue of manure accumulation?

Hiring equipment to collect manure at night Signup and view all the answers

What determined one of the distinctive features of New York City, according to the text?

The typical elevated staircases to houses Signup and view all the answers

What problem prompted the invention of the automobile in the 19th century?

Horse manure accumulation in cities Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated daily production of manure by a single horse at the end of the 19th century?

Between 10 and 15 kilos Signup and view all the answers

What was the main means of transport before the invention of the automobile?

Animal traction combined with carriages, wagons, carts, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What was the urgent need for better transportation in cities during the Industrial Revolution?

Increasing distances in cities Signup and view all the answers

What were the main inconveniences caused by the horse-drawn carriages in New York City?

Traffic hindrance, fatal accidents, and large production of manure Signup and view all the answers

How much equine excrement was estimated to be produced daily in New York City at the end of the 19th century?

Between one and two million kilos of equine excrement Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences of the excessive accumulation of horse manure in New York City?

Pestilent fluid, attraction of rats, flies, and other disease-transmitting insects Signup and view all the answers

How did the situation of horse manure accumulation influence the architecture of houses in New York City?

Elevated staircases to houses were created to avoid the 'seas of manure' Signup and view all the answers

What significant action did New York Mayor George E. Waring Jr. take to address the issue of manure accumulation?

Organized the first international congress on urban planning with manure as the theme Signup and view all the answers

How did the excessive accumulation of horse manure affect the streets and basements of New York City?

Streets were constantly covered, and basements were filled with pestilent fluid attracting rats, flies, and other disease-transmitting insects Signup and view all the answers