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What is the physiological response to stress that involves the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol?
What is the physiological response to stress that involves the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol?
What does the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) describe?
What does the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) describe?
What is the primary purpose of the release of glucose into the bloodstream during the body's response to stress?
What is the primary purpose of the release of glucose into the bloodstream during the body's response to stress?
What is the stage in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) where the body mobilizes coping mechanisms to respond to stress?
What is the stage in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) where the body mobilizes coping mechanisms to respond to stress?
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Which physiological responses are associated with the body's 'fight or flight' response to stress?
Which physiological responses are associated with the body's 'fight or flight' response to stress?
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What happens in the exhaustion stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
What happens in the exhaustion stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
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What is the role of adrenaline and cortisol in the body's response to stress?
What is the role of adrenaline and cortisol in the body's response to stress?
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Which field integrates behavioral and biomedical sciences to prevent, diagnose, and treat medical problems?
Which field integrates behavioral and biomedical sciences to prevent, diagnose, and treat medical problems?
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What is the term for the body's reactions to sustained stress, with stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion?
What is the term for the body's reactions to sustained stress, with stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion?
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What occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues?
What occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues?
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What is the term for the natural substances within the body that reduce pain sensation and play a role in pain management and psychological conditions?
What is the term for the natural substances within the body that reduce pain sensation and play a role in pain management and psychological conditions?
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What occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to symptoms like paralysis and difficulty with speech?
What occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to symptoms like paralysis and difficulty with speech?
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What is responsible for the body's 'fight or flight' response to stress, releasing adrenaline and stress hormones?
What is responsible for the body's 'fight or flight' response to stress, releasing adrenaline and stress hormones?
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What field studies interactions between the nervous system, immune system, and psychological processes, exploring how stress and emotions affect the immune system?
What field studies interactions between the nervous system, immune system, and psychological processes, exploring how stress and emotions affect the immune system?
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What does the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model propose about the body's response to stress?
What does the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model propose about the body's response to stress?
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Which system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response during stress?
Which system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response during stress?
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What is the role of endogenous opioids in the body?
What is the role of endogenous opioids in the body?
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What is a common consequence of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
What is a common consequence of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
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In autoimmune diseases, what does the immune system mistakenly attack?
In autoimmune diseases, what does the immune system mistakenly attack?
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Which field of study examines the interactions between psychological processes and the immune and nervous systems?
Which field of study examines the interactions between psychological processes and the immune and nervous systems?
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What is hypertension a condition of?
What is hypertension a condition of?
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What is the primary consequence of a stroke or cerebral vascular accident (CVA)?
What is the primary consequence of a stroke or cerebral vascular accident (CVA)?
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Which system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response after stress?
Which system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response after stress?
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What neuropeptides and neurohormones are released during stress as part of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenocortical (HPA) axis activation?
What neuropeptides and neurohormones are released during stress as part of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenocortical (HPA) axis activation?
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Why do individuals in higher social hierarchy positions tend to have lower levels of stress hormones like cortisol?
Why do individuals in higher social hierarchy positions tend to have lower levels of stress hormones like cortisol?
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What are the consequences of limited control over resources like food, resting places, and mates for lower ranking individuals in social hierarchies?
What are the consequences of limited control over resources like food, resting places, and mates for lower ranking individuals in social hierarchies?
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What leads to health issues like immune system suppression and heart disease in subordinate baboons?
What leads to health issues like immune system suppression and heart disease in subordinate baboons?
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What does operant control of pain refer to?
What does operant control of pain refer to?
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What did the Stanford Three Community Study focus on in its interventions to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors?
What did the Stanford Three Community Study focus on in its interventions to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors?
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What major transition in leading causes of death has occurred over the past 100 years?
What major transition in leading causes of death has occurred over the past 100 years?
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Study Notes
The Impact of Social Hierarchy and Health
- The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenocortical (HPA) axis is activated during stress, releasing neuropeptides and neurohormones such as corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and cortisol.
- Individuals in higher social hierarchy positions tend to have lower levels of stress hormones like cortisol due to a greater sense of control and predictability in their lives.
- Lower ranking individuals in social hierarchies have higher stress hormone levels, suffering from symptoms of stress due to limited control over resources like food, resting places, and mates.
- Subordinate baboons have higher cortisol levels due to continual bullying and limited access to resources, leading to health issues like immune system suppression and heart disease.
- Operant control of pain refers to how social consequences influence the experience of pain, with positive consequences reducing pain and negative ones increasing it.
- The relationship between social consequences and pain experience is complex and involves the interplay of social and psychological factors.
- The Stanford Three Community Study aimed to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in three California communities, focusing on entire communities rather than individuals.
- Two communities received interventions like smoking cessation, blood pressure control, dietary changes, and weight reduction, showing significant reductions in CHD risk factors compared to the control group.
- The leading causes of death have changed significantly over the past 100 years, with infectious diseases being the leading causes in 1900, while chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer are leading causes now.
- In 1900, the leading causes of death in the U.S. were pneumonia, influenza, tuberculosis, and gastrointestinal infections.
- In 2010, the leading causes of death in the U.S. were heart disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory disease, with other causes including stroke, accidents, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and kidney disease.
- The shift in leading causes of death reflects the transition from infectious diseases to chronic diseases as major health concerns.
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Description
Discover the intricate relationship between social hierarchy and health in this quiz. Explore the impact of stress hormones on individuals in different social positions and the effects on their health. Learn about the Stanford Three Community Study and the changing leading causes of death over the past century.
