The Internet and World Wide Web Overview

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes the World Wide Web from the Internet?

The World Wide Web connects computers directly without protocols.

The World Wide Web uses a combination of wire and wireless connections.

The World Wide Web is an infrastructure for e-mail and instant messaging.

The World Wide Web is a model for information sharing built over the Internet. (correct)

What is a characteristic feature of DSL connections compared to Dial-up connections?

DSL requires a second phone line to operate.

DSL uses the same frequency range as voice calls.

DSL provides an 'always on' connection. (correct)

DSL offers slower speed than Dial-up.

Which of the following accurately describes Internet Protocol (IP) addresses?

IP addresses cannot be shared among multiple devices.

IP addresses are alternate names assigned to computer networks.

IP addresses help uniquely identify a computer on a network. (correct)

IP addresses are used exclusively for email communication.

Which protocol is primarily used by the World Wide Web for information exchange?

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an Internet Service Provider (ISP)?

ISPs supply users with Internet connections. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of unique addresses available in the IPv4 address space?

4.3 billion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the function of DNS?

Facilitates the storage of IP addresses associated with domain names Signup and view all the answers

How many bits are utilized in IPv6 to expand the address space?

128 bits Signup and view all the answers

What role do routers play in a TCP/IP network?

They connect to each other and determine the fastest way to transmit data Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for ensuring reliable data transmission in a TCP/IP network?

TCP protocol Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a web server?

To deliver web pages requested from browsers Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of P2P architecture?

Computers function both as clients and servers simultaneously. Signup and view all the answers

What role does a browser play in the context of web pages?

It sends GET requests to retrieve web pages. Signup and view all the answers

What does a URL consist of?

A domain name and the server location path Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes HTML?

A markup language used for web page structure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Internet and the World Wide Web

The Internet is a massive network connecting computers globally.
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a model for information sharing built on top of the internet.
Both use protocols, sets of rules for communication.
The WWW uses the HTTP(s) protocol, while the Internet utilizes various protocols like SMTP for email and FTP for file transfer.

Internet Connections

Dial-up: The slowest connection type, uses the telephone line.
ISDN: An upgrade from dial-up, also using the telephone line but faster.
DSL: The most common type, uses the telephone network with digital technology.
Cable: Uses the coaxial cable infrastructure shared for cable TV with bandwidth sharing.
Wireless: Connects using technologies like Wi-Fi, WiMax, and satellite.
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) provide Internet connections.

Protocols

Protocols are sets of rules defining communication steps.
They handle data compression and error checking.
The OSI model is a seven-layer architecture for network communication.
TCP/IP is a vital protocol suite consisting of two protocols working together.

IP Addresses

Every device connected to the internet has a unique IP address.
IPv4 uses a 32-bit address system, allowing about 4.3 billion addresses.
IPv6 solves the problem of address exhaustion by using a 128-bit address space, offering a vast number of addresses.

Domain Name System (DNS)

DNS translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses, making internet navigation easier.
Domain names are organized hierarchically:
- Root domain: represented by a dot (.).
- Top-level domain: specifies a large group of computers (e.g., .com, .org).
- Second-level domain: further specifies a group within the top-level domain (e.g., google.com).
- Subdomain: allows for independent network management (e.g., mail.google.com).
- Host name: identifies a specific computer within a domain.

Routers and IP Addresses

Data travels through routers, which are connected to each other.
Routers use IP addresses to locate devices and TCP to ensure reliable data exchange.
TCP handles error recovery through retransmission and acknowledgment mechanisms.

Internet Architecture

Client-Server architecture: A server provides resources, while clients request and consume those resources.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture: Devices act as both clients and servers, forming a decentralized network. BitTorrent is a famous P2P protocol.

Browsers and Web Servers

Browsers: Software like Firefox, Chrome, Safari, etc., used to access webpages through the WWW.
Web servers: Software running on servers delivering webpages to browsers.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

URLs identify specific webpages.
They include the domain name and the location (path) of the resource on the server.

Sending HTTP Requests

Browsers send HTTP GET requests to retrieve webpages from servers.
The server sends the requested page back to the browser.
HTML is the markup language used for creating webpages.

Webpage Structure

Webpages are displayed by web browsers using HTML syntax.
They consist of two main parts: Head (meta information) and Body (content).

HTML, JavaScript, and CSS

HTML is the layout language for webpages, not a programming language.
JavaScript and CSS work alongside HTML.
CSS defines the presentation and appearance of webpages.

Emails

Emails are sent through mail gateways that relay them to other servers.
Emails remain on the recipient's server until accessed by the mailbox.

End of Study Notes

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Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of the Internet and the World Wide Web, including their definitions, types of internet connections, and key communication protocols. Test your knowledge on how these systems operate and connect the world.