The Integumentary System

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Questions and Answers

Which one of the following is NOT an organ of the integumentary system?

  • Lungs (correct)
  • Scales
  • Feathers
  • Hair

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

  • To pump oxygen to the body
  • To regulate body temperature (correct)
  • To produce blood cells
  • To aid in digestion

Which layer of the skin provides the initial barrier to the external environment?

  • Dermis
  • Hypodermis
  • Epidermis (correct)
  • Subcutaneous layer

What is the approximate percentage of total body weight that the skin accounts for in humans?

<p>12-15% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains connective tissues, vessels, glands, and hair roots?

<p>Dermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives color to the skin?

<p>Melanocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

<p>Delivering oxygen to cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the attachment site for sensory receptors in the integumentary system?

<p>Dermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the transitional subcutaneous zone made up of?

<p>Loose connective and adipose tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basement membrane that separates the epidermis from the dermis made up of?

<p>Basal lamina and reticular lamina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the formation of the epidermal water barrier?

<p>Stratum corneum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epidermis?

<p>Protection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is composed of dense irregular connective tissue?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypodermis?

<p>Energy storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of keratin?

<p>Stratum basale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the epidermis?

<p>Stratified squamous epithelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is highly vascularized and consists of loose connective tissue?

<p>Dermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dermis?

<p>Supporting the epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the flexibility and elasticity of the integument?

<p>Dermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypodermis in thermoregulation?

<p>Heat insulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

<p>Protect against invasion by infectious organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in gas exchange for small-bodied invertebrates in aquatic or moist habitats?

<p>It allows gases to diffuse into and out of the interstitial fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the skin's integumentary exchange system?

<p>To allow gases to diffuse into and out of the interstitial fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the skin protect the body against sunburns?

<p>By secreting melanin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin as a receptor?

<p>To sense touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some possible diseases and injuries to the human integumentary system?

<p>Formation of new cells to repair minor injuries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the skin do to help maintain homeostasis?

<p>Regulate body temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the skin's stratum germinativum?

<p>To form new cells to repair minor injuries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in excreting waste materials?

<p>To excrete waste materials through perspiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the skin do in response to abrupt changes in temperature?

<p>Regulate body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT an appendage of the integumentary system?

<p>Muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hypodermis?

<p>Providing thermal insulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains nerve endings?

<p>Epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate surface area covered by the skin in humans?

<p>1 to 1.5 m2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the basement membrane?

<p>Basal lamina and reticular lamina (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the flexibility and elasticity of the integument?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in maintaining water balance?

<p>Preventing water loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is highly vascularized?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin as an attachment site for sensory receptors?

<p>Detecting pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epidermis?

<p>Maintaining water balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of lipids that form the epidermal water barrier?

<p>Epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the stratum lucidum in the epidermis?

<p>To provide extra protection in thicker areas of the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the dermis in the integumentary system?

<p>To support the epidermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin provides elasticity and flexibility to the integument?

<p>Reticular layer of the dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hypodermis?

<p>To store fats and act as an energy reserve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the epidermis in the integumentary system?

<p>To provide protection against the outer environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is highly vascularized and consists of loose connective tissue?

<p>Papillary layer of the dermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypodermis in thermoregulation?

<p>To act as a heat insulator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of total body weight that the skin accounts for in humans?

<p>15% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives color to the skin?

<p>Melanin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin's stratum germinativum?

<p>To form new cells to repair minor injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the skin protect the body against sunburns?

<p>By secreting melanin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin as a receptor?

<p>To act as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypodermis in thermoregulation?

<p>To regulate body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the skin's integumentary exchange system?

<p>To facilitate gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body weight does the skin account for in humans?

<p>Around 10% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some possible diseases and injuries to the human integumentary system?

<p>Skin cancer and burns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epidermis?

<p>To protect against invasion by infectious organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dermis?

<p>To provide structural support and flexibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the transitional subcutaneous zone made up of?

<p>Adipose tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

<p>Coordination of immune response to pathogens and cancer cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in maintaining water balance?

<p>Preventing excessive water loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the dermis?

<p>Nourishment of epidermal cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of lipids that form the epidermal water barrier?

<p>Stratum Granulosum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of total body weight that the skin accounts for in humans?

<p>15% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives color to the skin?

<p>Melanin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin provides elasticity and flexibility to the integument?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains abundant adipocytes and serves as an energy reserve and shock absorber?

<p>Hypodermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body parts have a higher concentration of adipocytes in the hypodermis in men?

<p>Upper neck and upper arms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body parts have a higher concentration of adipocytes in the hypodermis in women?

<p>Breast and hips (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the production of keratin?

<p>Stratum Granulosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the epidermis are responsible for producing melanin?

<p>Keratinocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis contains cells that release their contents by exocytosis, forming a water resistance layer?

<p>Stratum Granulosum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the epidermis are responsible for detecting touch?

<p>Merkel Cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin nourishes and supports the epidermis?

<p>Superficial papillary layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin restricts the spread of pathogens and attaches the skin to deeper tissues?

<p>Deeper reticular layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains a lot of fat cells (adipocytes)?

<p>Subcutaneous layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin contains fibers in an interwoven meshwork of dense irregular connective tissue?

<p>Deeper reticular layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the hair contains relatively soft and flexible keratin?

<p>Medulla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hair follicles?

<p>Produce hairs that protect the skull (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the hair surrounds the hair root and the deeper portion of the shaft?

<p>Internal root sheath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the arrector muscles in relation to hair?

<p>They elevate the hair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hair is heavy, deeply pigmented, and sometimes curly?

<p>Terminal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal rate of hair growth on the scalp?

<p>0.33 mm/d (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sweat glands are strongly influenced by hormones and have a possible function in communication?

<p>Apocrine sweat glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skin cancer is the least dangerous and is induced by UV rays of the sun?

<p>Basal cell carcinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the layers of the skin, from outermost to innermost?

<p>Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sebaceous glands in the skin?

<p>Secrete oil lipid (sebum) that coats hair shaft and epidermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of hair follicles?

<p>Produce hairs that protect the skull and provide touch sensations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the medulla in most hairs?

<p>Soft keratin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cuticle in hair?

<p>To coat and protect the outer surface of the hair (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the hair papilla located?

<p>At the base of the hair bulb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the hair cortex?

<p>Hard keratin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of hairs on the body that are not on the head?

<p>98% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hair matrix in hair production?

<p>To produce daughter cells that form the developing hair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sebaceous glands in relation to hair?

<p>To produce oil that lubricates and conditions the hair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sweat glands in relation to hair?

<p>To produce sweat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nails in the integumentary system?

<p>To protect the fingertips and enhance touch sensitivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sweat glands are limited in distribution and produce an odorous secretion?

<p>Apocrine sweat glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sweat glands are widespread and produce thin secretions mostly composed of water?

<p>Merocrine sweat glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sweat glands are specialized for milk production and are large, complex apocrine sweat glands?

<p>Ceruminous glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sweat glands secrete oil lipid (sebum) that coats the hair shaft and epidermis?

<p>Sebaceous glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glands secrete/produce waxy cerumen into the external ear canal?

<p>Ceruminous glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most deadly type of skin cancer?

<p>Malignant melanoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skin cancer is the least dangerous?

<p>Basal cell carcinoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of skin cancer?

<p>UV rays of the sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of lipids that coat the hair shaft and epidermis?

<p>Sebaceous glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the excessive growth of hair in women?

<p>Hirsutism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hair root?

<p>To attach the hair to the hair follicle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the hair does not extend the entire length of the follicle?

<p>Internal root sheath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the external root sheath?

<p>To extend from the skin surface to the hair matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the glassy membrane?

<p>To act as a thickened basal lamina wrapped in dense connective tissue sheath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the arrector muscles?

<p>To elevate the hair when stimulated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of scalp hair?

<p>To provide insulation for the skull (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of beard, pubic, and axillary hair?

<p>To indicate sexual maturity and help distribute sexual scents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of guard hairs/vibrissae and eyelashes?

<p>To prevent foreign objects from getting into nostrils, ear canals, or eyes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hair in expressions of emotions with eyebrows?

<p>To express emotions with eyebrows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of hairs?

<p>Vellus, intermediate, terminal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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