80 Questions
Which virus was the first computer virus to infect the MS-DOS's boot sector?
Brain
What was the purpose of creating the BRAIN virus?
To prevent illegal software distribution
Which operating system's boot sector was infected by the BRAIN virus?
MS-DOS
Which of the following best describes pseudocode?
An informal representation of an actual code
Can pseudocode be executed as a program?
No, it is just a representation of code
Which of the following statements about pseudocode is true?
Pseudocode is easier to generate and understand
Which chart is commonly used in industries worldwide for its simplified representation of instructions?
Flowchart
What is the main advantage of using a flowchart in industries?
It is easy to understand and follow
Why is the simplified representation of instructions important in industries?
To save time and resources
Coding is the process of converting Pseudocode into a computer language.
True
Pseudocode is a programming language that can be executed by a computer.
False
Coding is an essential step in the development of computer programs.
True
Which crisis led to the invention of the computer?
A number-crunching crisis
Who invented the first computer?
Charles Babbage
What was the name of the first computer invented by Charles Babbage?
Difference Engine
Who established an organization now known as IBM?
Herman Hollerith
What is the current name of the organization established by Herman Hollerith?
IBM
During which generation of computers were massive machines with voluminous space commonly used?
First generation
Which characteristic was a defining feature of the first generation of computers?
Massive size
Who introduced the world's first electronic digital computer named ABC in 1937?
Dr. John V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
What was the name of the world's first electronic digital computer introduced in 1937?
ABC
What did the BRAIN virus do to computers?
To infect the boot sector of the operating system
Who developed a calculating machine to perform calculations involving larger numbers?
Howard Aiken
What was the purpose of Howard Aiken's calculating machine?
To perform calculations involving larger numbers
During which generation of computers were programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN introduced?
Third generation
What was the significance of the introduction of the integrated circuit or 'the CHIP'?
It allowed computers to become smaller and more powerful
Which of the following inventions paved the way for the third generation of computers?
The introduction of the integrated circuit or 'the CHIP'
Which company invented the first operating system named UNIX during the third generation of computers?
Bell Labs
Which hardware component was unveiled by Intel during the third generation of computers and was called Intel 1103?
Dynamic Access memory Chip (DRAM)
Which of the following inventions happened during the third generation of computers?
The first operating system named UNIX
Who created the world's first computer program for Charles Babbage's Difference Engine?
Ada Lovelace
What was the purpose of Ada Lovelace's computer program?
To calculate Bernoulli numbers
What were the two key concepts in computer programming developed by Jon Von Neumann?
Shared-Program Technique and Conditional Control Transfer
Which technique proposed using complicated instructions for controlling the hardware, allowing it to be reprogrammed quickly?
Shared Program technique
What was the main objective of the Shared Program technique?
To make computer hardware simple
Which concept gave birth to logical statements like 'IF', 'THEN', and 'FOR' in computer programming?
Conditional Control Transfer
What was the main advantage of Conditional Control Transfer in computer programming?
It allowed for alternative solutions
Who used concepts from Jon Von Neumann's work in his machines and the Plankalkul programming language?
Konrad Zuse
What was the Plankalkul programming language known for?
Being the first high-level programming language
What did Konrad Zuse's use of Jon Von Neumann's concepts and the Plankalkul programming language mark the beginning of?
The early era of programming
Which of the following was considered a primitive language in the development of computer languages?
Short Code
What was the main characteristic of the first computer language, Short Code?
Programmers had to manually change statements into 0's and 1's
Who devised the first compiler, A-0?
Grace Hopper
What did the first compiler, A-0, do?
Converted language statements into 0's and 1's
Which programming language was designed by John Backus and other scientists at IBM?
FORTRAN
Which statements were used in the first high-level programming language, FORTRAN?
IF, DO, GOTO
Which programming language was invented to handle 'Input' and 'Output' properly?
COBOL
What was the goal of inventing COBOL?
To make it easy for the average businessperson to learn and adopt
Who were the inventors of COBOL?
Grace Hooper and Bob Bemer
Which programming language was introduced by Thomas Kurtz, Mary Keller, and John Kemeny in 1964?
BASIC
What does the acronym BASIC stand for?
Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
Who were the individuals responsible for introducing the first computer language for non-computer background individuals?
Thomas Kurtz, Mary Keller, and John Kemeny
Which programming language was developed by Niklaus Wirth as a refinement of other languages like Algol, FORTRAN, and COBOL?
Pascal
Why did Niklaus Wirth develop Pascal?
As a necessity for a useful teaching tool
What was the main impact of the Second Era of computer programming?
Development of different programming languages
Which language was an extension of the C language and used in in-game engines and software like Adobe Photoshop in 1983?
C++
Which programming language is known for its user-friendliness and is preferred by data analysts and statisticians?
R
Which programming language is universally used for enhancing web browser applications?
JavaScript
Which programming language was developed by Apple in 2014 as a replacement for C, C++, and Objective-C?
Swift
Which of the following is NOT a Fourth Generation Language?
FORTRAN
Which programming language is particularly well-suited for writing mathematical programs and is widely used in education and mathematics research?
MatLab
Which language uses command sentences for adding, removing, and viewing data?
SQL
Which language emerged in 1991 and has become a popular framework for social media sites like Instagram and YouTube?
Python
Which of the following is an example of a Fifth Generation Programming Language?
OPS5
Which generation of programming languages introduced visual tools to aid in program development?
Fifth Generation
Which programming language is NOT mentioned as an example of a Fifth Generation Programming Language?
C++
Which type system does Mercury feature?
Strong and static
What kind of programming does Mercury operate on?
Functional programming
Which type of programming language is more suitable for developing new operating systems?
Low-level language
Which characteristic is a defining feature of high-level programming languages?
Concise codes and flexible syntax
Which programming language category does not need compilers?
Low-level language
Which type of high-level language does not generate intermediate object code and hence has a lower memory requirement?
Interpreted language
Which type of high-level language takes an entire program as input and converts it into intermediate object code?
Compiled language
Which type of development is responsible for the client-side and server-side portions of developing a web application?
Full-stack development
Which type of programming is also known as server-side programming?
Back end development
Which type of developer specializes in building applications for Android and iOS?
Mobile Developer
Which type of developer writes code for applications that run natively on operating systems like Windows and macOS?
Desktop Developer
Which of the following applications is NOT mentioned as a use case for C++?
Database software
Which programming language is commonly used for front end development?
HTML
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of a GUI based application that uses C++?
MySQL
Study Notes
Key Facts in the History of Computers
- The first computer virus, created to stop illegal software distribution, infected the MS-DOS boot sector.
- Pseudocode is an informal representation of code, easier to generate and understand without a pre-defined syntax.
- A chart is widely used in industries for its simplified representation of instructions.
- Coding is the process of converting pseudocode into a computer language.
- The computer was invented to solve a number-crunching crisis and the tabulation of the 1880 US Census.
- Charles Babbage invented the first computer, known as the Difference Engine.
- Herman Hollerith established the organization now known as IBM.
- The first electronic digital computer, named ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer), was introduced in 1937 by Dr. John V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry.
- Howard Aiken developed a calculating machine for larger number calculations.
- The third generation of computers saw the introduction of programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN, as well as the integrated circuit.
- Bell Labs invented the first operating system, UNIX, during the third generation.
- The years 1963 to 1980 were considered the golden period with the incorporation of companies like Microsoft and Apple Computers.
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