COMP1236 Midterm Chapters 1-2

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Questions and Answers

Which virus was the first computer virus to infect the MS-DOS's boot sector?

ILOVEYOU

Melissa

Brain (correct)

Stuxnet

What was the purpose of creating the BRAIN virus?

To gain control over computer systems

To prevent illegal software distribution (correct)

To spread fear and panic

To steal personal information

Which operating system's boot sector was infected by the BRAIN virus?

Linux

MS-DOS (correct)

Mac OS

Windows 10

Which of the following best describes pseudocode?

An informal representation of an actual code (A) Signup and view all the answers

Can pseudocode be executed as a program?

No, it is just a representation of code (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about pseudocode is true?

Pseudocode is easier to generate and understand (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which chart is commonly used in industries worldwide for its simplified representation of instructions?

Flowchart (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using a flowchart in industries?

It is easy to understand and follow (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the simplified representation of instructions important in industries?

To save time and resources (D) Signup and view all the answers

Coding is the process of converting Pseudocode into a computer language.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Pseudocode is a programming language that can be executed by a computer.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Coding is an essential step in the development of computer programs.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which crisis led to the invention of the computer?

A number-crunching crisis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the first computer?

Charles Babbage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the first computer invented by Charles Babbage?

Difference Engine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who established an organization now known as IBM?

Herman Hollerith (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the current name of the organization established by Herman Hollerith?

IBM (C) Signup and view all the answers

During which generation of computers were massive machines with voluminous space commonly used?

First generation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic was a defining feature of the first generation of computers?

Massive size (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced the world's first electronic digital computer named ABC in 1937?

Dr. John V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the world's first electronic digital computer introduced in 1937?

ABC (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did the BRAIN virus do to computers?

To infect the boot sector of the operating system (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who developed a calculating machine to perform calculations involving larger numbers?

Howard Aiken (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Howard Aiken's calculating machine?

To perform calculations involving larger numbers (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which generation of computers were programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN introduced?

Third generation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the introduction of the integrated circuit or 'the CHIP'?

It allowed computers to become smaller and more powerful (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inventions paved the way for the third generation of computers?

The introduction of the integrated circuit or 'the CHIP' (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which company invented the first operating system named UNIX during the third generation of computers?

Bell Labs (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which hardware component was unveiled by Intel during the third generation of computers and was called Intel 1103?

Dynamic Access memory Chip (DRAM) (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inventions happened during the third generation of computers?

The first operating system named UNIX (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who created the world's first computer program for Charles Babbage's Difference Engine?

Ada Lovelace (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Ada Lovelace's computer program?

To calculate Bernoulli numbers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What were the two key concepts in computer programming developed by Jon Von Neumann?

Shared-Program Technique and Conditional Control Transfer (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which technique proposed using complicated instructions for controlling the hardware, allowing it to be reprogrammed quickly?

Shared Program technique (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the Shared Program technique?

To make computer hardware simple (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept gave birth to logical statements like 'IF', 'THEN', and 'FOR' in computer programming?

Conditional Control Transfer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main advantage of Conditional Control Transfer in computer programming?

It allowed for alternative solutions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who used concepts from Jon Von Neumann's work in his machines and the Plankalkul programming language?

Konrad Zuse (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the Plankalkul programming language known for?

Being the first high-level programming language (B) Signup and view all the answers

What did Konrad Zuse's use of Jon Von Neumann's concepts and the Plankalkul programming language mark the beginning of?

The early era of programming (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was considered a primitive language in the development of computer languages?

Short Code (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main characteristic of the first computer language, Short Code?

Programmers had to manually change statements into 0's and 1's (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who devised the first compiler, A-0?

Grace Hopper (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did the first compiler, A-0, do?

Converted language statements into 0's and 1's (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was designed by John Backus and other scientists at IBM?

FORTRAN (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statements were used in the first high-level programming language, FORTRAN?

IF, DO, GOTO (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was invented to handle 'Input' and 'Output' properly?

COBOL (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of inventing COBOL?

To make it easy for the average businessperson to learn and adopt (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who were the inventors of COBOL?

Grace Hooper and Bob Bemer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was introduced by Thomas Kurtz, Mary Keller, and John Kemeny in 1964?

BASIC (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym BASIC stand for?

Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who were the individuals responsible for introducing the first computer language for non-computer background individuals?

Thomas Kurtz, Mary Keller, and John Kemeny (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was developed by Niklaus Wirth as a refinement of other languages like Algol, FORTRAN, and COBOL?

Pascal (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why did Niklaus Wirth develop Pascal?

As a necessity for a useful teaching tool (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main impact of the Second Era of computer programming?

Development of different programming languages (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which language was an extension of the C language and used in in-game engines and software like Adobe Photoshop in 1983?

C++ (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is known for its user-friendliness and is preferred by data analysts and statisticians?

R (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is universally used for enhancing web browser applications?

JavaScript (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was developed by Apple in 2014 as a replacement for C, C++, and Objective-C?

Swift (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a Fourth Generation Language?

FORTRAN (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is particularly well-suited for writing mathematical programs and is widely used in education and mathematics research?

MatLab (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which language uses command sentences for adding, removing, and viewing data?

SQL (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which language emerged in 1991 and has become a popular framework for social media sites like Instagram and YouTube?

Python (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a Fifth Generation Programming Language?

OPS5 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which generation of programming languages introduced visual tools to aid in program development?

Fifth Generation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is NOT mentioned as an example of a Fifth Generation Programming Language?

C++ (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type system does Mercury feature?

Strong and static (C) Signup and view all the answers

What kind of programming does Mercury operate on?

Functional programming (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of programming language is more suitable for developing new operating systems?

Low-level language (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is a defining feature of high-level programming languages?

Concise codes and flexible syntax (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language category does not need compilers?

Low-level language (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of high-level language does not generate intermediate object code and hence has a lower memory requirement?

Interpreted language (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of high-level language takes an entire program as input and converts it into intermediate object code?

Compiled language (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of development is responsible for the client-side and server-side portions of developing a web application?

Full-stack development (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of programming is also known as server-side programming?

Back end development (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of developer specializes in building applications for Android and iOS?

Mobile Developer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of developer writes code for applications that run natively on operating systems like Windows and macOS?

Desktop Developer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applications is NOT mentioned as a use case for C++?

Database software (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is commonly used for front end development?

HTML (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of a GUI based application that uses C++?

MySQL (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Facts in the History of Computers

The first computer virus, created to stop illegal software distribution, infected the MS-DOS boot sector.
Pseudocode is an informal representation of code, easier to generate and understand without a pre-defined syntax.
A chart is widely used in industries for its simplified representation of instructions.
Coding is the process of converting pseudocode into a computer language.
The computer was invented to solve a number-crunching crisis and the tabulation of the 1880 US Census.
Charles Babbage invented the first computer, known as the Difference Engine.
Herman Hollerith established the organization now known as IBM.
The first electronic digital computer, named ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer), was introduced in 1937 by Dr. John V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry.
Howard Aiken developed a calculating machine for larger number calculations.
The third generation of computers saw the introduction of programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN, as well as the integrated circuit.
Bell Labs invented the first operating system, UNIX, during the third generation.
The years 1963 to 1980 were considered the golden period with the incorporation of companies like Microsoft and Apple Computers.

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