The Indian Judiciary Overview

Study Notes

The Indian Judiciary

India has a federal system with two levels of government (central and state) and a unified court system.
The judiciary is the third branch of the Indian government. It's independent of the legislative and executive branches.
The judiciary's role includes administering justice, defining/interpreting laws, and protecting citizens' rights. It acts as the guardian of the Constitution.

Supreme Court

The apex court is the Supreme Court of India, located in New Delhi.
It holds the highest judicial authority.
Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Council of Ministers.
Qualifications for Supreme Court Judges:
- Must be citizens of India.
- Must be advocates of a High Court or two (or more) such courts in succession for 10 years or more.
- Must be judges of the High Courts for 5 years.
- Distinguished jurist according to the President's opinion.
Supreme Court judges serve until they reach the age of 65. Removal from the Supreme Court is only possible for specific reasons and must follow a stated process.

High Courts

High Courts exist in each state.
They are subordinate to the Supreme Court.
Additional subordinate courts exist below High Courts at the district level (ex: civil, criminal, revenue).
High court judges hold office until the age of 65.

Description

Explore the structure and functions of the Indian judiciary, focusing on the Supreme Court. Understand its role as the guardian of the Constitution and the qualifications required for judges. This quiz covers essential aspects of judicial independence and authority in India.