Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
- Regulate RBC production (correct)
- Regulate electrolyte balance
- Regulate blood volume
- Form urine
What is the main function of erythropoietin produced by the kidneys?
What is the main function of erythropoietin produced by the kidneys?
- Regulate blood pressure
- Regulate electrolyte balance
- Stimulate bone marrow to produce RBCs (correct)
- Convert vitamin D into active form
Which substances secreted by the kidneys affect blood pressure?
Which substances secreted by the kidneys affect blood pressure?
- Prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin
- Renin and prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin
- Renin and prostaglandin E2 (correct)
- Renin and prostacyclin
Which of the following will result in an increased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
Which of the following will result in an increased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
What is the average Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in 1 minute?
What is the average Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in 1 minute?
What happens to the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) when there is a decreased blood flow through the kidney?
What happens to the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) when there is a decreased blood flow through the kidney?
Which structure is considered the functional unit of the kidney?
Which structure is considered the functional unit of the kidney?
Where does the filtration of blood occur in the nephron?
Where does the filtration of blood occur in the nephron?
Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water and nutrients?
Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water and nutrients?
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure and blood volume?
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure and blood volume?
Which system is involved in water retention when there is a decrease in blood supply to the kidneys?
Which system is involved in water retention when there is a decrease in blood supply to the kidneys?
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to promote water retention?
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to promote water retention?
Which enzyme converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2?
Which enzyme converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2?
What is the main function of angiotensin 2?
What is the main function of angiotensin 2?
Which hormone is released as a result of angiotensin 2 stimulation?
Which hormone is released as a result of angiotensin 2 stimulation?
Which of the following is true when blood pressure (BP) falls?
Which of the following is true when blood pressure (BP) falls?
What does a decrease in GFR promote?
What does a decrease in GFR promote?
What happens to GFR when blood pressure falls?
What happens to GFR when blood pressure falls?
Which hormone regulates the osmolality of body fluids and causes renal cells to reabsorb water?
Which hormone regulates the osmolality of body fluids and causes renal cells to reabsorb water?
What is the main function of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?
What is the main function of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?
What effect does Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) have on urine volume?
What effect does Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) have on urine volume?
Which of the following factors can increase or decrease urine output?
Which of the following factors can increase or decrease urine output?
What is considered a danger sign in terms of urine output?
What is considered a danger sign in terms of urine output?
Which of the following can affect urine output?
Which of the following can affect urine output?
Which of the following can affect urine output?
Which of the following can affect urine output?
What disease can hinder physical activity and make it difficult to reach and use toilet facilities?
What disease can hinder physical activity and make it difficult to reach and use toilet facilities?
Which condition can cause end-stage renal disease, uremic syndrome, and autoimmune conditions like SLE and Goodpasture?
Which condition can cause end-stage renal disease, uremic syndrome, and autoimmune conditions like SLE and Goodpasture?
Which condition is characterized by the inability of the bladder to empty?
Which condition is characterized by the inability of the bladder to empty?
What is the term for the involuntary leakage of urine?
What is the term for the involuntary leakage of urine?
What does urinary diversion involve?
What does urinary diversion involve?
Which term refers to the presence of blood in the urine?
Which term refers to the presence of blood in the urine?
What is the term for the condition characterized by the inability of the bladder to empty?
What is the term for the condition characterized by the inability of the bladder to empty?
Which term refers to the excessive production of urine?
Which term refers to the excessive production of urine?
Which of the following is the characteristic color of urine?
Which of the following is the characteristic color of urine?
What is the typical odor of urine?
What is the typical odor of urine?
What is the usual clarity of urine, unless pathology is present?
What is the usual clarity of urine, unless pathology is present?
Which type of urinalysis is frequently done in nursing homes, doctors offices, and hospitals?
Which type of urinalysis is frequently done in nursing homes, doctors offices, and hospitals?
What is the source of urine specimens used for urinalysis?
What is the source of urine specimens used for urinalysis?
Which statement is true about urine dipsticks?
Which statement is true about urine dipsticks?
Which age group is most commonly affected by urinary incontinence?
Which age group is most commonly affected by urinary incontinence?
What is the recommended fluid intake for patients, unless medically contraindicated?
What is the recommended fluid intake for patients, unless medically contraindicated?
What is one important measure to prevent skin breakdown in individuals with urinary incontinence?
What is one important measure to prevent skin breakdown in individuals with urinary incontinence?
What are the indications for dialysis?
What are the indications for dialysis?
What is one of the severe abnormalities that may require dialysis?
What is one of the severe abnormalities that may require dialysis?
When is dialysis indicated for uremic syndrome?
When is dialysis indicated for uremic syndrome?
Which of the following is the method used in peritoneal dialysis to cleanse the blood of waste products?
Which of the following is the method used in peritoneal dialysis to cleanse the blood of waste products?
What is instilled into the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis?
What is instilled into the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis?
How is the dialysate removed from the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis?
How is the dialysate removed from the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis?
During hemodialysis, what happens to the blood?
During hemodialysis, what happens to the blood?
What is the purpose of the semi-permeable filtering membrane in the dialysis machine?
What is the purpose of the semi-permeable filtering membrane in the dialysis machine?
What happens to the blood after it is filtered in the dialysis machine?
What happens to the blood after it is filtered in the dialysis machine?
Which of the following conditions may lead to the creation of a urinary stoma?
Which of the following conditions may lead to the creation of a urinary stoma?
What is the purpose of creating a urinary stoma?
What is the purpose of creating a urinary stoma?
Are urinary stomas always permanent?
Are urinary stomas always permanent?
Which procedure involves placing a tube directly onto the renal pelvis to provide urinary drainage?
Which procedure involves placing a tube directly onto the renal pelvis to provide urinary drainage?
What does a ureter-ostomy involve?
What does a ureter-ostomy involve?
Which of the following is the purpose of creating a urinary stoma?
Which of the following is the purpose of creating a urinary stoma?
What is the function of the urinary stoma?
What is the function of the urinary stoma?
Where does the flow of urine get diverted to with a urinary stoma?
Where does the flow of urine get diverted to with a urinary stoma?
Which pH range is considered normal for most bacteria?
Which pH range is considered normal for most bacteria?
What type of environment do most bacteria favor?
What type of environment do most bacteria favor?
What is the pH range that is considered mildly acidic for maintaining an alkaline environment for bacteria?
What is the pH range that is considered mildly acidic for maintaining an alkaline environment for bacteria?
Which pH range is considered normal for urine?
Which pH range is considered normal for urine?
What is the average pH of normal urine?
What is the average pH of normal urine?
Which of the following pH ranges is considered abnormal for urine?
Which of the following pH ranges is considered abnormal for urine?
Which of the following is a common sign of kidney diseases?
Which of the following is a common sign of kidney diseases?
What does the presence of protein in the urine indicate?
What does the presence of protein in the urine indicate?
What is the significance of protein in the urine?
What is the significance of protein in the urine?
Which range represents the normal specific gravity?
Which range represents the normal specific gravity?
What is specific gravity a measure of?
What is specific gravity a measure of?
Which of the following is NOT within the normal range for specific gravity?
Which of the following is NOT within the normal range for specific gravity?
Which of the following is a possible consequence of vesicoureteral reflux?
Which of the following is a possible consequence of vesicoureteral reflux?
What is the direction of urine movement in vesicoureteral reflux?
What is the direction of urine movement in vesicoureteral reflux?
Which anatomical structures are involved in vesicoureteral reflux?
Which anatomical structures are involved in vesicoureteral reflux?
