The Human Microbiome

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Questions and Answers

Which group of animals have the most elaborate adaptations for herbivorous diets?

  • Deer
  • Sheep
  • Cattle
  • All of the above (correct)

What do the microorganisms in the fermentation chambers of vertebrates' alimentary canals do?

  • Produce simple sugars
  • Digest cellulose (correct)
  • Digest simple sugars
  • Produce cellulose

What is the function of the cud-chewing process in ruminants?

  • To increase fiber content
  • To break down cellulose
  • To remove excess water
  • To enhance microbial action (correct)

What happens to the content of the rumen in ruminants?

<p>It undergoes reverse peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the food go after leaving the rumen in ruminants?

<p>Small intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the microorganisms in the rumen of ruminants?

<p>To aid in digestion of cellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fermentation chambers in vertebrates' alimentary canals?

<p>To host mutualistic microorganisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main nutrient that ruminants absorb with the help of microorganisms?

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cud-chewing process in ruminants?

<p>To break down cellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the rumen in ruminants' digestion process?

<p>To facilitate microbial fermentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the human digestive system?

<p>There are approximately 10-100 trillion bacteria living in it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the microbiome?

<p>The collection of microorganisms living in and on the body, along with their genetic material. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some functions of intestinal bacteria?

<p>Producing vitamins and regulating development of intestinal epithelium. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are significant factors that can influence the microbiome?

<p>Diet, disease, and age. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of H. pylori in the stomach?

<p>It disrupts stomach health and leads to ulcers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the microbiome?

<p>Genetic material. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated range of bacteria living in the human digestive system?

<p>10-100 trillion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the innate immune system?

<p>Defending against pathogens. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of intestinal epithelium?

<p>Serving as a protective barrier. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the collection of microorganisms living in and on the body called?

<p>Microbiome. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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