CH 7: Cardiovascular diseases

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What is the function of the pericardium in the heart?

To pump blood efficiently
To regulate heart rate
To minimize friction and facilitate movement (correct)
To oxygenate blood

Where is the apex of the heart located?

Directing towards the left (correct)
Pointing upwards
Towards the right side
Towards the back

Which part of the heart is composed of striated cardiac muscle?

Endocardium
Pericardium
Myocardium (correct)
Chambers

What is the role of the anchorage in the heart?

To maintain the heart's position (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the endocardium located in the heart?

Lining the interior of the chambers (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is less muscular compared to others?

Atria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are heart valves responsible for?

Regulating blood flow between chambers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium?

Superior and inferior vena cava (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the blood in the lungs during pulmonary circulation?

It is oxygenated and returns to the left atrium (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by persistently high blood pressure?

Hypertension (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an obstruction in the coronary arteries?

Heart attack (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the thin ligaments in the heart?

To prevent backflow during contractions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium?

It moves to the left ventricle (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which medical intervention is used for more severe cardiovascular conditions?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is atherosclerosis and how does it contribute to a heart attack?

Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaques obstruct the coronary arteries, leading to a heart attack (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endocardium in the heart?

Lining the interior of the heart's chambers (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are heart valves located in relation to the heart's anatomy?

Between each atrium and ventricle (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart contains striated cardiac muscle, contributing to its contractility?

Myocardium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pericardial fluid in the heart?

Minimizing friction during heart movement (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ helps stabilize the position of the heart through anchorage?

Large blood vessels (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the apex of the heart located relative to its orientation?

Directed towards the left side (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is less muscular but still plays a crucial role in blood circulation?

Atria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the thin ligaments in the heart's valves?

To prevent backflow of blood during contractions (A) Signup and view all the answers

In pulmonary circulation, where is blood sent to be oxygenated?

Lungs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key symptom associated with hypotension?

Dizziness and fainting (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which medical intervention may be recommended for more severe cardiovascular conditions?

Heart transplants (D) Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by persistently high blood pressure that poses significant risks like strokes?

Hypertension (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens during a heart attack (Myocardial Infarction) due to an obstruction in coronary arteries?

Cardiac muscle death due to oxygen deprivation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of an acute blockage in coronary arteries?

"Heart muscle death due to lack of oxygen (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle adjustment is commonly recommended to combat cardiovascular diseases?

"Regular exercise" (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of pericardial fluid in the heart?

To minimize friction and facilitate the heart's movement (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is characterized by being less muscular compared to other components?

Atria (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where are heart valves primarily located within the heart's structure?

Between each atrium and its corresponding ventricle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cardiac walls in the heart's function?

To contract and pump blood efficiently (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is the position of the heart primarily stabilized within the body?

Via large blood vessels entering and exiting the heart (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the endocardium in relation to the heart's chambers?

It lines the interior of the heart's chambers smoothly (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where are major blood vessels attached to the heart in its external structure, aiding in its stabilization?

To enter and exit its broader side (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of stents in treating cardiovascular diseases?

To improve blood circulation through the coronary arteries (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does hypertension differ from hypotension?

Hypertension leads to dizziness and fainting, while hypotension poses risks such as strokes and aneurysms. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pacemakers in cardiovascular treatment?

To regulate the heart's rhythm (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for valves to prevent backflow during heart contractions?

To maintain a unidirectional blood flow for efficient circulation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of an untreated myocardial infarction?

Damaged cardiac muscle leading to heart failure (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do ligaments contribute to the functionality of heart valves?

By supporting the valves and ensuring proper closure to prevent backflow (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what way do bypass surgeries benefit individuals with severe cardiovascular conditions?

By opening up blocked or narrowed coronary arteries through new pathways (A) Signup and view all the answers