Biology Chapter 13 - The Cardiovassculer System

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Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

Right side (correct)

Left side

Both sides

Neither side

What is the function of the chordae tendinae?

To produce the lub-dup heart sound

To separate the atria from the ventricles

To regulate blood pressure

To keep the heart valves from turning inside out (correct)

During which phase of the heartbeat cycle does the atria relax?

Diastole

Atrial systole

Ventricular systole (correct)

Heartbeat beginning

What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Bicuspid valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the semilunar valves?

To keep blood from flowing backwards Signup and view all the answers

What is the period of relaxation in the heartbeat cycle called?

Diastole Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interatrial septum?

Divide the left and right atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the atrioventricular node in the heart's electrical conduction system?

Collect the contraction impulse from the atria Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of the heart's electrical conduction system?

SA node, atrioventricular node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers, ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What do the P-waves on an ECG/EKG represent?

Atrial contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pulmonary circuit?

Oxygenate the blood and return it to the left side of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the entire heart returning to diastole after the ventricles have contracted?

Diastole Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of albumin in the blood?

Helps control the amount of water in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thrombin in the blood clotting process?

Causes fibrinogen to change to strands of fibrin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fibrinogen in the blood clotting process?

Changes to strands of fibrin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of eosinophils in the body?

Phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basophils in the body?

Release heparin and histamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neutrophils in the body?

Engulf microbes by phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of iron deficiency anemia?

Inability to absorb iron from the digestive system Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sickle cell anemia?

RBCs are fragile and rupture easily, clogging small blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Rh factor during pregnancy?

It can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn in Rh-negative women Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the clumping of RBCs when someone's antibodies contact a foreign cell?

Agglutination Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood type of an individual with both A and B antigens on their RBCs?

Type AB Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the absence of A and B antigens on the RBCs?

O blood type Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the nucleus of a monocyte?

Horseshoe or kidney bean shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B lymphocytes?

To produce antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the life cycle of a red blood cell?

Produced in the red bone marrow, circulate for 120 days, and destroyed in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?

Infectious Mononucleosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of perforin?

To put openings in the cell membrane of the target cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells?

Erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers