The Great Depression Overview Quiz

A policy where a country avoids involvement in international affairs, focusing on domestic issues.

The belief that the United States should prioritize its own interests and stay out of international conflicts.

The belief that the United States should return to a normal state of affairs, especially after the turmoil of World War I.

A tax imposed on imported goods to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

A policy of limiting the number of immigrants allowed into a country.

A law passed by the US Congress in 1921 that limited the number of immigrants allowed into the United States each year and favored specific ethnic groups.

A boom in consumer spending, fueled by easy credit and increased production of consumer goods.

A political and economic philosophy that emphasizes limited government intervention in the economy, low taxes, and free markets.

A cultural movement in Harlem, New York City during the 1920s, characterized by a surge in African American artistic, literary, and musical creativity.

Laws in the Southern states that enforced segregation and discrimination against African Americans.

A national organization formed in 1909 to fight for the rights of African Americans.

The migration of approximately 1.5 million African Americans from the South to the North between 1916 and 1930, seeking better economic opportunities and escaping racial discrimination.

The practice of publicly hanging African Americans without a fair trial, often driven by racial prejudice and mob violence.

A white supremacist organization notorious for its violent methods, targeting African Americans and other minority groups.

A group of conservative women who opposed the flapper culture and advocated for traditional gender roles.

A period of time in the 1920s known for economic prosperity, cultural change, and widespread social and political upheaval.

The assembly line allowed for mass production of goods, significantly reducing costs and production time, making products more affordable for consumers. A prime example is the Ford Model T, whose production time dropped dramatically, leading to a price reduction from $850 in 1910 to $295 in 1920.

The rise of synthetic materials, such as Bakelite and nylon, revolutionized industries by providing new, durable, and versatile materials for a wide range of products.

The widespread adoption of cars in the 1920s had a ripple effect on various related industries, such as steel, oil, and glass. The increasing number of car owners also led to an increase in road construction, creating new jobs and stimulating economic growth.

The availability of consumer durables, such as washing machines, refrigerators, and record players, brought modern conveniences to households and significantly improved people's lives. The rise of these products was fueled by technological advancements and increased affordability.

The widespread use of radios and telephones vastly improved communication, connecting people over distances and contributing to the cultural exchange of ideas and entertainment.

The entertainment industry boomed in the 1920s with the rise of cinema and the popularity of movie stars, such as Charlie Chaplin and Clara Bow, who drew huge crowds to theaters.

The stock market became a popular investment venture in the 1920s, fueled by the belief that prices would always rise. This led to the practice of "buying on the margin," where investors borrowed money to purchase shares, hoping to profit from future price increases. While this seemed lucrative, it also created a dangerously inflated market, making it highly vulnerable to a crash.

The 1920s witnessed a period of economic prosperity, but this prosperity was unevenly distributed, leaving many groups excluded from the boom. Farmers, low-wage earners, old industries, and African Americans faced economic challenges, highlighting the stark inequalities that persisted.

The New Deal's temporary programs, like the CCC, CWA, and PWA, primarily benefitted young men and newly unemployed individuals, neglecting those who had been jobless for extended periods.

The reduction of government spending in 1937 triggered another economic downturn as industries had become dependent on public expenditures and hadn't fully recovered.

The New Deal's initiatives did not effectively address the needs of marginalized groups, such as African Americans, migrants, sharecroppers, and tenant farmers.

The New Deal's success is attributed to restoring public faith in democracy, bolstering infrastructure projects, offering relief to millions, creating jobs, rescuing banks, and reducing unemployment.

The Second World War ultimately ended the Great Depression by boosting the US economy through military spending and manufacturing for the Allies.

A severe economic downturn characterized by widespread unemployment, business failures, and a decline in economic activity.

A rapid decline in the value of stocks, leading to widespread panic selling and a crash in the stock market.

A belief that individuals should rely on their own efforts and resources, rather than government assistance, to overcome economic challenges.

A term coined to describe the shantytowns built by homeless people during the Great Depression, reflecting the perception that President Hoover did not do enough to help the poor.

An organization created by President Hoover to provide loans to banks, industries, and agriculture in an effort to stimulate the economy during the Depression.

The name given to the group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., demanding early payment of their promised bonuses, highlighting the plight of unemployed veterans and the growing discontent during the Depression.

A series of measures implemented by President Hoover to address the Great Depression, which included creating jobs through public works projects, providing unemployment relief, and lowering taxes.

The massive displacement of farmers from their land during the Dust Bowl, caused by severe drought, overfarming, and wind erosion, which worsened the effects of the Great Depression in rural areas.

A federal agency created in 1933 to help improve the economic and social conditions in the Tennessee Valley region, which had been devastated by poverty and environmental problems. The TVA built dams, provided electricity, and implemented conservation measures.

A 1933 act that established the National Industrial Recovery Administration (NRA) to promote fair competition, prevent monopolies, and stimulate economic recovery during the Great Depression.

The Supreme Court ruled the NIRA unconstitutional in 1935, ending the NRA's program. This was because the NIRA interfered with the rights of states to regulate certain businesses.

The TVA significantly helped the people living in the Tennessee Valley area by providing them with jobs through dam and infrastructure projects, loans for farmers, and training on soil conservation.

The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) implemented a program with 'eagle crests' awarded to businesses that followed the NRA guidelines. It was designed to encourage people to buy from these businesses and create jobs.

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created to address the issues of poverty, environmental degradation, and economic hardship in the Tennessee Valley region. It was a massive undertaking, covering six states.

The NIRA was later replaced by the National Relations Act in 1935, which protected workers' rights to form unions and bargain collectively. It was passed after the NIRA was ruled unconstitutional.

The Tennessee Valley Authority's projects, including dams, irrigation systems, and hydroelectric power plants, created thousands of jobs and revitalized the region's economy.