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Questions and Answers
What characterized the Great Awakening compared to the Enlightenment?
What characterized the Great Awakening compared to the Enlightenment?
Who were considered the 'New Lights' during the Great Awakening?
Who were considered the 'New Lights' during the Great Awakening?
What was a common response from elite ministers towards the Revivalist movements?
What was a common response from elite ministers towards the Revivalist movements?
What was a significant social impact of the Great Awakening?
What was a significant social impact of the Great Awakening?
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What notable event did James Davenport encourage during a revival?
What notable event did James Davenport encourage during a revival?
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Where did the Great Awakening notably begin?
Where did the Great Awakening notably begin?
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Which denomination did Gilbert Tennent belong to?
Which denomination did Gilbert Tennent belong to?
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What key difference existed between the Old Lights and New Lights?
What key difference existed between the Old Lights and New Lights?
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What did Benjamin Franklin establish in 1731 that contributed to public education?
What did Benjamin Franklin establish in 1731 that contributed to public education?
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Which organization did Franklin found in 1743 to promote inquiry and research?
Which organization did Franklin found in 1743 to promote inquiry and research?
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What scientific phenomenon did Franklin famously conduct experiments on?
What scientific phenomenon did Franklin famously conduct experiments on?
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What was Franklin's advocacy regarding lightning safety?
What was Franklin's advocacy regarding lightning safety?
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Who led the founding of Georgia, seeing it as a haven for the 'worthy poor'?
Who led the founding of Georgia, seeing it as a haven for the 'worthy poor'?
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Which of the following was not part of Oglethorpe's vision for Georgia?
Which of the following was not part of Oglethorpe's vision for Georgia?
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What type of community model did Oglethorpe envision for Savannah?
What type of community model did Oglethorpe envision for Savannah?
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Which document did Franklin publish in 1751 regarding his scientific findings?
Which document did Franklin publish in 1751 regarding his scientific findings?
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What was a key result of Enlightenment thought in the 1730s?
What was a key result of Enlightenment thought in the 1730s?
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What narrative did Franklin's 'Memoir' contribute to American culture?
What narrative did Franklin's 'Memoir' contribute to American culture?
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What was an important aspect of Jonathan Edwards' approach to reviving religious fervor?
What was an important aspect of Jonathan Edwards' approach to reviving religious fervor?
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Which colleges are associated with the New Lights and their educational initiatives during the Great Awakening?
Which colleges are associated with the New Lights and their educational initiatives during the Great Awakening?
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What was a major critique of the New Lights by the established Old Lights?
What was a major critique of the New Lights by the established Old Lights?
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Who was the foremost evangelical leader of the Great Awakening?
Who was the foremost evangelical leader of the Great Awakening?
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What key belief does rationalism, as defined during the Enlightenment, emphasize?
What key belief does rationalism, as defined during the Enlightenment, emphasize?
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How did Enlightenment thinkers view their status in the world?
How did Enlightenment thinkers view their status in the world?
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Which of the following movements was characterized by a focus on progress through reason and observation?
Which of the following movements was characterized by a focus on progress through reason and observation?
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What publication is Benjamin Franklin known for that included practical advice?
What publication is Benjamin Franklin known for that included practical advice?
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What was a common characteristic of the new Protestant denominations that emerged during the Great Awakening?
What was a common characteristic of the new Protestant denominations that emerged during the Great Awakening?
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Which principle suggests that knowledge is acquired through experience and observation?
Which principle suggests that knowledge is acquired through experience and observation?
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What societal change did the Great Awakening promote within the religious landscape of the colonies?
What societal change did the Great Awakening promote within the religious landscape of the colonies?
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What role did the Freemasons play during the Enlightenment?
What role did the Freemasons play during the Enlightenment?
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Why did Benjamin Franklin turn to publishing?
Why did Benjamin Franklin turn to publishing?
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Flashcards
Great Awakening
Great Awakening
A Protestant revival movement in the 18th century that emphasized emotional religiosity.
Enlightenment
Enlightenment
An intellectual movement promoting reason, science, and individualism during the 18th century.
New Lights
New Lights
Supporters of the Great Awakening's emotional and personal approach to faith.
Old Lights
Old Lights
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Personal faith
Personal faith
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Evangelical ministers
Evangelical ministers
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Theodorus Frelinghuysen
Theodorus Frelinghuysen
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James Davenport
James Davenport
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Franklin's Deism
Franklin's Deism
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Library Company of Philadelphia
Library Company of Philadelphia
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American Philosophical Society
American Philosophical Society
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University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
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Lightning Rod
Lightning Rod
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Experiments and Observations on Electricity
Experiments and Observations on Electricity
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American Dream
American Dream
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Oglethorpe's Vision
Oglethorpe's Vision
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Georgia Colony
Georgia Colony
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Oglethorpe Plan
Oglethorpe Plan
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Presbyterian Revival
Presbyterian Revival
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Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
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George Whitefield
George Whitefield
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Old Lights vs. New Lights
Old Lights vs. New Lights
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Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists
Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists
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Impact of the Great Awakening
Impact of the Great Awakening
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Rationalism
Rationalism
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Empiricism
Empiricism
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Progressivism
Progressivism
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Cosmopolitanism
Cosmopolitanism
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Freemasons
Freemasons
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Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
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Deism
Deism
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Study Notes
The Great Awakening
- A Protestant revivalism in 18th-century British America
- Evangelists from various denominations (Congregationalists, Anglicans, Presbyterians) rejected formal worship for emotional religiosity.
- Emphasized personal and experiential faith over book learning, appealing to women, young people, and those socially marginalized.
- Split between "New Lights" (followers) and "Old Lights" (rejects)
- Led to revivals and excesses, exemplified by James Davenport's public actions.
- Other figures, like Theodorus Frelinghuysen and Gilbert Tennent, spurred Presbyterian revivals in the Middle Colonies.
- Jonathan Edwards in Massachusetts led revivals with emphasis on hell's terrors.
- George Whitefield, a prominent evangelical figure, was itinerant and highly influential.
The Enlightenment
- An 18th-century intellectual and cultural movement championing reason over superstition and science over blind faith.
- Key figures like John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Voltaire spread Enlightenment ideals through the press.
- The movement stressed:
- Rationalism: belief humans use reason for knowledge.
- Empiricism: knowledge from experience and observation.
- Progressivism: belief in human progress.
- Cosmopolitanism: view of oneself as a global citizen.
- The Freemasons embraced principles of inquiry and tolerance.
- Benjamin Franklin was a key figure in bringing Enlightenment ideas to British America.
- He promoted deism – belief in a God who does not intervene in worldly affairs, and personal morality emphasized over strict doctrines.
- Franklin's philanthropic initiatives included establishing a library and the American Philosophical Society, and founding the University of Pennsylvania and Pennsylvania Hospital.
- Franklin's scientific work, particularly on electricity, exemplified reason and observation.
Georgia Colony
- James Oglethorpe, a British Parliament member, established Georgia as a colony in 1732, aiming to address British debtors' issue and provide a strategic buffer.
- The colony was funded by Parliament, focusing on resettling "worthy poor."
- Oglethorpe aimed for an egalitarian agricultural society without alcohol or slavery.
- However, colonists from other areas gradually disregarded these prohibitions and later relied on enslaved labor.
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Description
Explore the significant movements of the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment in 18th-century British America. This quiz covers key figures, contrasting beliefs, and the impact of these movements on society. Test your knowledge on how personal faith and reason shaped this pivotal era.