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Questions and Answers
Which scientist developed the Gram staining technique?
Which scientist developed the Gram staining technique?
- Louis Pasteur
- Hans Christian Gram (correct)
- Alexander Fleming
- Robert Koch
What is the purpose of Gram staining?
What is the purpose of Gram staining?
- To visualize bacterial capsules
- To determine the age of bacterial cultures
- To identify and classify bacteria (correct)
- To protect bacteria from phagocytosis
Which component of the bacterial cell wall can be degraded with time by enzymes?
Which component of the bacterial cell wall can be degraded with time by enzymes?
- Peptidoglycan (correct)
- Capsule
- Lipopolysaccharide
- Carbohydrate coat
What is the composition of lipopolysaccharide?
What is the composition of lipopolysaccharide?
Which type of bacteria is stained by the capsule staining technique?
Which type of bacteria is stained by the capsule staining technique?
Which technique is used to observe individual colonies?
Which technique is used to observe individual colonies?
What is the purpose of inoculating a nutrient agar plate with a pure culture?
What is the purpose of inoculating a nutrient agar plate with a pure culture?
What is the appearance that colonial morphology refers to?
What is the appearance that colonial morphology refers to?
What is the difference between pure and mixed cultures on an agar plate?
What is the difference between pure and mixed cultures on an agar plate?
What is a colony?
What is a colony?
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Study Notes
Gram Staining Technique
- Developed by Hans Christian Gram
- Purpose: to differentiate bacteria into two groups based on their cell wall composition
Bacterial Cell Wall
- Peptidoglycan (also known as murein) can be degraded with time by enzymes
Lipopolysaccharide Composition
- Composed of lipid A, core polysaccharide, and O antigen
Capsule Staining Technique
- Used to stain bacteria with a polysaccharide capsule
Observing Individual Colonies
- Technique: pour plate method
Inoculating a Nutrient Agar Plate
- Purpose: to isolate and grow a pure culture of bacteria
Colonial Morphology
- Refers to the appearance of a colony, including its shape, size, color, and texture
Pure and Mixed Cultures
- Pure culture: a culture that contains only one type of bacteria
- Mixed culture: a culture that contains multiple types of bacteria
- Difference: on an agar plate, a pure culture will form a single, uniform colony, while a mixed culture will form multiple colonies with different appearances
Colony
- A visible growth of bacteria on an agar plate, resulting from the growth of a single bacterial cell
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