36 Questions
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the reabsorption of Na+ by active transportation?
Proximal tubule
What is the main function of the proximal tubule?
Reabsorption of Na+
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the reabsorption of 15%-20% of the filtered Na+?
Loop of Henle
Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water and Na+?
Distal tubule
What is the major site of parathyroid hormone-regulated Ca2+ reabsorption?
Distal tubule
Which part of the nephron participates in aldosterone-mediated Na+ reabsorption?
Distal tubule
Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?
Bowman's capsule
What do juxtaglomerular cells contain?
Renin
Which of the following is responsible for the release of renin?
Alpha adrenergic stimulation
What is angiotensinogen?
A hormone produced in the liver
What is the role of angiotensin converting enzyme?
To convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What is the main function of angiotensin II?
To regulate blood pressure and aldosterone secretion
What is the term used to describe the mechanism involving renin and angiotensin?
Renin-angiotensin system
What is the precursor molecule for angiotensin I?
Angiotensinogen
Where does the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II occur?
Lungs
What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone?
Angiotensin II
Which of the following is responsible for the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids?
Proximal tubule
What is the function of mesangial cells in the glomerulus?
Regulate filtration
Where does 15%-20% of the filtered Na+ get reabsorbed?
Loop of Henle
Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water and Na+?
Distal tubule
What is the major site of parathyroid hormone-regulated Ca2+ reabsorption?
Distal tubule
Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?
Afferent arteriole
What do juxtaglomerular cells contain?
Renin
What is the main function of the proximal tubule?
Reabsorption of Na+
What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone?
Angiotensin II
What is the term used to describe the mechanism involving renin and angiotensin?
Renin-angiotensin system
Which of the following is responsible for the release of renin?
All of the above
What is the volume of blood delivered to the kidney in a 70 kg man?
Approximately 20%-25% of cardiac output
What is the clearance of a substance?
The volume of blood that is completely cleared off that substance per unit time
What is the formula for renal blood flow (RBF) using p-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance?
RBF = (Concentration of PAH in urine/Concentration of PAH in plasma) x Urine flow
At what mean arterial pressure does autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF) occur?
80-100 mm Hg
What role do tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms play in maintaining constant glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
They regulate afferent arteriole tone
What effect does angiotensin II have on renal blood flow (RBF)?
It causes generalized arteriolar vasoconstriction and reduces RBF
What effect does atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) have on renal blood flow (RBF)?
It dilates the afferent arteriole and antagonizes the effects of norepinephrine and angiotensin II
What effect do epinephrine and norepinephrine have on renal blood flow (RBF)?
They increase afferent arteriole tone
What effect do NSAIDs have on renal blood flow (RBF)?
They block angiotensin-mediated prostaglandin synthesis and decrease RBF
Test your knowledge on the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule with this quiz! Learn about the structure and function of these important components of the kidney's filtration system. Discover how endothelial and epithelial cells create an effective barrier for filtration, and understand the role of afferent and efferent arterioles in blood flow. Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your understanding of renal physiology!
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
