The Germ Theory of Disease and Lazzaro Spallanzani

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Questions and Answers

Who was the first person to observe and describe microorganisms accurately?

  • Goerg Friedrich Schroder
  • Theodore Schwann
  • Needham
  • Lazzaro Spallanzani (correct)

What did Goerg Friedrich Schroder and Theodore von Dusch observe when air passed through sterile cotton wool in a flask of heat-sterilized medium?

  • Growth took place
  • No growth occurred (correct)
  • Bacteria increased
  • Heat sterilized the medium

Which concept states that living cells can only rise from preexisting living cells?

  • Biogenesis (correct)
  • The Germ Theory of Disease
  • Spontaneous generation
  • Tyndallization

Who showed that dust carries germs which contaminate sterile broth?

<p>John Tyndall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Theodore Schwann observe in a flask containing nutrient solution after air passed through a red-hot tube?

<p>No growth occurred (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of sterilization for three consecutive days known as, demonstrated by John Tyndall?

<p>Tyndallization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Act as an osmotic barrier and generate chemical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell has a gram-positive cell wall structure?

<p>Mycobacterium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of reproduction in prokaryotic cells with high disruption, resistance to lysozyme, and inhibition by basic dye?

<p>Binary fission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prokaryotes lack a cell wall and instead contain sterols in their cell membrane?

<p>Mycoplasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Give the cytoplasm a granular structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of prokaryotic cells consists of a phospholipid bilayer and functions as an osmotic barrier?

<p>Plasma Membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Beta-Lactamase?

<p>Destroy the Beta-Lactam ring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting transpeptidase?

<p>Fluoroquinolones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) play in the presence of Beta-Lactam antibiotics?

<p>Mediate peptidoglycan crosslinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of having a high therapeutic index for a chemotherapeutic agent?

<p>It makes the antibiotic more selective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is involved in the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA)?

<p>PABA – p-aminobenzoic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biosafety cabinet class provides the highest level of safety to the worker?

<p>Class III (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agents are handled in a Class III biosafety cabinet?

<p>BSL 4 agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biosafety cabinet type is known as Laminar flow BSC?

<p>Class II (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of biosafety cabinet has a fixed opening with 70% of the air recirculated?

<p>Class IIA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Class IIB biosafety cabinet?

<p>Used for chemicals and carcinogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of biological agents has no known potential for infecting healthy people?

<p>Level 1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells contain many membrane-bound organelles such as nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria?

<p>Plant cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells that distinguishes them from prokaryotic cells?

<p>Presence of membrane-bound organelles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is commonly found in eukaryotic cells but usually absent in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the genetic material of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

<p>Absence of true nucleus in prokaryotes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division is primarily associated with prokaryotic cells?

<p>Binary fission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the existence of gas vesicles in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Regulation of buoyancy and movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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