29 Questions
Who was the first person to observe and describe microorganisms accurately?
Lazzaro Spallanzani
What did Goerg Friedrich Schroder and Theodore von Dusch observe when air passed through sterile cotton wool in a flask of heat-sterilized medium?
No growth occurred
Which concept states that living cells can only rise from preexisting living cells?
Biogenesis
Who showed that dust carries germs which contaminate sterile broth?
John Tyndall
What did Theodore Schwann observe in a flask containing nutrient solution after air passed through a red-hot tube?
No growth occurred
What is the method of sterilization for three consecutive days known as, demonstrated by John Tyndall?
Tyndallization
What is the function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?
Act as an osmotic barrier and generate chemical energy
Which type of cell has a gram-positive cell wall structure?
Mycobacterium
What is the primary mode of reproduction in prokaryotic cells with high disruption, resistance to lysozyme, and inhibition by basic dye?
Binary fission
Which prokaryotes lack a cell wall and instead contain sterols in their cell membrane?
Mycoplasma
What is the function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
Give the cytoplasm a granular structure
Which layer of prokaryotic cells consists of a phospholipid bilayer and functions as an osmotic barrier?
Plasma Membrane
What is the primary function of Beta-Lactamase?
Destroy the Beta-Lactam ring
Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting transpeptidase?
Fluoroquinolones
What role do penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) play in the presence of Beta-Lactam antibiotics?
Mediate peptidoglycan crosslinking
What is the significance of having a high therapeutic index for a chemotherapeutic agent?
It makes the antibiotic more selective
Which molecule is involved in the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA)?
PABA – p-aminobenzoic acid
Which biosafety cabinet class provides the highest level of safety to the worker?
Class III
What type of agents are handled in a Class III biosafety cabinet?
BSL 4 agents
Which biosafety cabinet type is known as Laminar flow BSC?
Class II
Which type of biosafety cabinet has a fixed opening with 70% of the air recirculated?
Class IIA
What is the main function of a Class IIB biosafety cabinet?
Used for chemicals and carcinogens
Which level of biological agents has no known potential for infecting healthy people?
Level 1
Which type of cells contain many membrane-bound organelles such as nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria?
Plant cells
What is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells that distinguishes them from prokaryotic cells?
Presence of membrane-bound organelles
Which organelle is commonly found in eukaryotic cells but usually absent in prokaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
What is a key difference between the genetic material of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Absence of true nucleus in prokaryotes
Which type of cell division is primarily associated with prokaryotic cells?
Binary fission
What is the significance of the existence of gas vesicles in prokaryotic cells?
Regulation of buoyancy and movement
Learn about the Germ Theory of Disease and the contributions of Lazzaro Spallanzani to microbiology. Understand the importance of sealed experiments in demonstrating the role of microorganisms in disease transmission.
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