The Five Fingers of Evolution Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is evolution?

A change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation.

Which of the following are considered the five processes of evolution?

  • Natural selection (correct)
  • Random genetic drift (correct)
  • Mutation (correct)
  • Migration (correct)
  • Mitosis
  • Horizontal gene transfer (correct)

What is mutation?

A permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

What is migration in the context of evolution?

<p>The movement of animals from one region to another, usually because of season.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is macroevolution?

<p>Evolution that occurs above the species level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is microevolution?

<p>Evolution that occurs within a species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does homology refer to?

<p>Similarity in characteristics due to a shared ancestry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is analogy in evolutionary terms?

<p>Similarity between species due to convergent evolution, not a shared ancestry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is convergent evolution?

<p>The process whereby organisms that are not closely related independently evolve similar traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Key Concepts of Evolution

  • Evolution: Defined as a change in the genetic makeup of a population across generations.
  • Five Processes of Evolution: Involves horizontal gene transfer, random genetic drift, mutation, migration, and natural selection, which drive evolutionary changes.

Mechanisms of Evolution

  • Mutation: Refers to a permanent alteration in the DNA nucleotide sequence, contributing to genetic diversity.
  • Migration: Describes the relocation of animals from one area to another, often influenced by seasonal changes in environment.

Types of Evolution

  • Macroevolution: Encompasses evolutionary changes at or above the species level, such as the evolution of dinosaurs.
  • Microevolution: Involves evolutionary changes occurring within a species, exemplified by the case of peppered moth adaptations.

Evolutionary Relationships

  • Homology: Highlights similarities among species due to shared ancestry; an example includes the pentadactyl limb found in various vertebrates.
  • Analogy: Refers to similarities in traits between species that arise from convergent evolution rather than shared ancestry; bird wings and bat wings illustrate this concept.

Convergent Evolution

  • Defined as the independent evolution of similar traits in organisms from different backgrounds, often in response to similar environmental challenges or ecological niches.

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