FR - section 11 - hard - The Fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the outcome of Robespierre's turn against the enragés?

They were appointed to the Committee of Public Safety

They were exiled from Paris

They were executed for their extreme demands (correct)

They were pardoned by Robespierre

Why was Jacques Danton executed?

Advocating for de-Christianization

Being insufficiently militant on the war (correct)

Fleeing from Paris

Supporting Robespierre's policies

What significant change did Robespierre make with the Law of 22 Prairial?

Granted amnesty to political prisoners

Permitted the revolutionary tribunal to convict suspects without substantial evidence (correct)

Abolished the revolutionary tribunal

Implemented a fair trial system

What did Robespierre replace the worship of 'Reason' with?

The 'Cult of the Supreme Being' Signup and view all the answers

What marked the end of the Reign of Terror?

Robespierre's arrest and execution on 9 Thermidor Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Thermidorian Reaction?

The reassertion of the Convention's authority over the Committee of Public Safety Signup and view all the answers

What led to the weariness of the Terror and a fear of the sans-culottes?

The revolution becoming too radical Signup and view all the answers

What replaced the influence of the sans-culottes during the Thermidorian Reaction?

The generally wealthy middle-class and professional people Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the Paris Commune and Jacobin clubs during the Thermidorian Reaction?

They were outlawed and closed Signup and view all the answers

What did the end of the Reign of Terror lead to?

The release of political prisoners and the restructuring of the Committee of Public Safety Signup and view all the answers

What happened to former terrorists after the end of the Reign of Terror?

They were attacked and executed Signup and view all the answers

What replaced the influence of the republic of virtue after the Thermidorian Reaction?

Frivolous pleasures and a revival of Catholic worship Signup and view all the answers

What was abandoned in favor of the Constitution of the Year III during the Thermidorian Reaction?

The democratic constitution of 1793 Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the legislation that had improved divorce equity for women during the Thermidorian Reaction?

It was repealed Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the war abroad during the Thermidorian Reaction?

It was going well Signup and view all the answers

What was involved in the Thermidorian Reaction?

The destruction of the machinery of terror and the establishment of a new constitutional regime Signup and view all the answers

What were the two houses established by the Constitution of the Year III?

The Council of Elders and the Council of Five Hundred Signup and view all the answers

What marked a decisively reactionary element in the Thermidorian Reaction?

The removal of the sans-culottes from political life and the repeal of price regulations Signup and view all the answers

What did the Two-Thirds Law require of the new legislature?

Two-thirds of the new legislature to have served in the Convention Signup and view all the answers

What did the Conspiracy of Equals led by Gracchus Babeuf advocate for?

Radical democracy and equality of property Signup and view all the answers

What did the Directory aim to resist further changes that might endanger?

Property or political stability Signup and view all the answers

What did the French Revolution bring about a shift from?

A political system based on rank and birth to one based on civic equality and property ownership Signup and view all the answers

What did the post-Thermidorian French Revolution see in terms of political and social structures?

Permanent changes Signup and view all the answers

What did the government suppress to demonstrate the end of the sans-culottes era?

Food riots and royalist uprisings Signup and view all the answers

What did the Treaties of Basel conclude peace with?

Prussia and Spain Signup and view all the answers

What had profound consequences for France and the Western world during the Thermidorian Reaction?

The instability of the Directory, the growing role of the army, and the ambitions of its leaders Signup and view all the answers

What did the revolution of the holders of property triumph in?

The Constitution of the Year III Signup and view all the answers

What is the central political event of modern European history, with far-reaching implications for political and social structures?

The French Revolution Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial demand of the Third Estate in the Estates General?

To have real influence in government Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the church's property during the French Revolution?

It was confiscated and brought under state control Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Reign of Terror?

Thousands died Signup and view all the answers

What did the desire for stability and defeat of foreign enemies lead to?

Leadership under Napoleon Bonaparte Signup and view all the answers

What did the revolutionary legislation and popular uprisings transform?

The social and political life of the nation Signup and view all the answers

What did the Revolution make France become in terms of land ownership?

A nation of peasant landowners Signup and view all the answers

What did the urban workers lose during the Revolution?

The protection they had enjoyed under the guilds Signup and view all the answers

What marked the end of the Terror?

Resentment, fear, and a new desire for stability Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction

Robespierre's arrest and execution on 9 Thermidor marked the end of the Reign of Terror
The Thermidorian Reaction resulted in the reassertion of the Convention's authority over the Committee of Public Safety
The Reign of Terror, which claimed over 25,000 victims, came to a close as the war abroad was going well
The Thermidorian Reaction involved the destruction of the machinery of terror and the establishment of a new constitutional regime
The revolution had become too radical, leading to a weariness of the Terror and a fear of the sans-culottes
The influence of the sans-culottes was replaced by that of the generally wealthy middle-class and professional people
The end of the Reign of Terror led to the release of political prisoners and the restructuring of the Committee of Public Safety
The Thermidorian Reaction also saw the outlawing of the Paris Commune and the closure of Jacobin clubs
The end of the Reign of Terror did not mean the end of violence in France as former terrorists were attacked and executed
The republic of virtue gave way to frivolous pleasures and a revival of Catholic worship
The Thermidorian Reaction resulted in the repeal of legislation that had improved divorce equity for women
The democratic constitution of 1793 was abandoned in favor of the Constitution of the Year III, rejecting constitutional monarchy and democracy

The Thermidorian Reaction and the Constitution of the Year III

The Constitution of the Year III established a legislature of two houses, the Council of Elders and the Council of Five Hundred, with property qualifications for voting.
The term "Thermidor" is associated with political reaction, but the post-Thermidorian French Revolution saw permanent changes in political and social structures.
The revolution of the holders of property, particularly the wealth stemming from commerce, professions, and land, triumphed in the Constitution of the Year III.
The removal of the sans-culottes from political life and the repeal of price regulations marked a decisively reactionary element in the Thermidorian Reaction.
The government suppressed food riots and royalist uprisings, such as the one on October 5, 1795, to demonstrate the end of the sans-culottes era.
The Convention concluded peace with Prussia and Spain through the Treaties of Basel in March and June 1795.
The Two-Thirds Law, requiring two-thirds of the new legislature to have served in the Convention, undermined public faith in the new constitutional order.
The spring of 1796 saw social unrest, including the Conspiracy of Equals led by Gracchus Babeuf, advocating for radical democracy and equality of property.
The Directory aimed to resist further social changes that might endanger property or political stability and depended on the power of the army to govern France.
The instability of the Directory, the growing role of the army, and the ambitions of its leaders had profound consequences for France and the Western world.
The French Revolution is considered the central political event of modern European history, with far-reaching implications for political and social structures.
The French Revolution brought about a shift from a political system based on rank and birth to one based on civic equality and property ownership, granting new groups access to political power.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction with this quiz. Explore key events such as Robespierre's arrest, the end of the Reign of Terror, and the establishment of the Constitution of the Year III. Delve into the political and social changes that marked this pivotal period in the post-Thermidorian French Revolution.