The F Sound Dilemma

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Which type of memory holds information for seconds or fraction of seconds?

Short term memory

Long term memory

Sensory memory (correct)

Working memory

According to Sperling's study, what was the average number of letters that participants could report using the whole report method?

5 out of 7 letters

4.5 out of 12 letters (correct)

2 out of 10 letters

3.3 out of 4 letters

What is the duration of short-term memory?

Seconds (correct)

Days

Hours

Minutes

In the experiment mentioned, what did participants have to do with the number they heard?

Repeat it and begin counting backward (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which model of memory was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin?

Modal model of memory (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of sensory memory according to Sperling's study?

All or most of the information (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of control processes in the Modal Model of Memory?

To rehearse and manipulate information (B) Signup and view all the answers

Working memory includes how many components?

3 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is proactive interference?

When information learned previously interferes with learning new information (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is retroactive interference?

When new learning interferes with remembering old learning (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of short-term memory?

7 plus or minus 2 items (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is chunking?

The process of dealing with a large amount of information by grouping it into meaningful units (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the central executive in working memory?

Coordinating activity between different components of working memory (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the phonological similarity effect?

Confusion of letters or words that sound similar (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which letter(s) does the target letter 'F' sound like?

Both S and X (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which word length is more difficult to remember in the phonological loop?

Long words (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the articulatory rehearsal process is disrupted?

Memory is reduced (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of working memory is responsible for mental rotation?

Visuospatial sketchpad (D) Signup and view all the answers

What effect does chunking have on recalling visual patterns?

Increases the number of squares remembered (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which task interferes with the visual spatial sketchpad?

Both pointing and holding an image of letter F (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the central executive in working memory?

Coordinates how information is used by the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for holding information in working memory after the original stimulus is no longer present?

Prefrontal cortex (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a monkey's ability to pick the correct food well if the prefrontal cortex is removed?

It becomes random (C) Signup and view all the answers

During the delay period, what does the neuron in the monkey's brain do?

Fires as a neutral record of the monkey's working memory (A) Signup and view all the answers

When does the neuron respond in the monkey's brain during the task?

Only when the square is flashed (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which brain area is the first to receive visual signals?

Primary visual cortex (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which brain areas transmit visual information from the primary visual cortex?

Temporal and parietal areas (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following brain areas is NOT involved in working memory?