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- Before the 19th century, there was no separate branch of geography for the study of natural and human factors.
- In 1859, Charles Darwin's book "The Origin of Species" revolutionized scientific studies with the concept of natural selection.
- Darwin explained that organisms survive and reproduce by adapting to their environment, and those who cannot adapt become extinct.
- This idea of natural selection influenced geography and human geography.
- German geographer Ratzel emphasized the study of human factors in geography and laid the foundation for human geography as a separate branch.
- Before Ratzel, nature and the natural environment were the dominant focus of geographic studies.
- Human geography focuses on the relationship between humans and their environment.
- Natural selection is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment and survive.
- Organisms that cannot adapt to their environment become extinct.
- Human geography is a major branch of geography that focuses on the study of human factors and their relationship with the environment.
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