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Questions and Answers
What evidence did the Supreme Court cite to support their decision on segregation?
The Supreme Court cited the research of Kenneth and Mamie Clark, specifically their 'doll test'.
What were the results of the 'doll test' conducted by the Clarks?
The majority of Black children chose the doll with light skin and assigned positive characteristics to it, while many children left the room, cried, or became depressed when asked to choose the doll that looked like them.
How did the Clarks' research contribute to the Supreme Court's conclusion?
The Clarks' research provided evidence that segregation generated a feeling of inferiority in minority students, supporting the Supreme Court's conclusion that separate but equal was damaging to students.
What was the Supreme Court's view on separate facilities?
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Who conducted the 'doll test'?
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Study Notes
Brown v. Board of Education Case
- In the landmark Supreme Court case, the justices cited evidence from the "doll test" conducted by Dr. Kenneth Clark and his wife Dr. Mamie Clark, psychologists who studied the effects of segregation on African American children.
The "Doll Test"
- The Clarks' research involved presenting African American children with white and black dolls, asking them to identify the nice doll and the doll they would like to play with.
- The test results showed that the children overwhelmingly preferred the white doll and attributed positive characteristics to it, while rejecting the black doll and assigning negative characteristics to it.
Contributions to the Supreme Court's Conclusion
- The Clarks' research demonstrated that segregation had a profoundly negative impact on the self-esteem and identity of African American children, contributing to feelings of inferiority and shame.
- The Supreme Court cited this evidence to support their conclusion that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."
Supreme Court's View on Separate Facilities
- The Supreme Court ruled that separate facilities were unconstitutional, as they perpetuated racial segregation and undermined the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
Researchers Behind the "Doll Test"
- Dr. Kenneth Clark and his wife Dr. Mamie Clark, African American psychologists, designed and conducted the "doll test" to investigate the effects of segregation on African American children.
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Description
Test Your Knowledge: The Doll Test and Segregation's Impact on Minority Students
