The Discovery of the Cell
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Questions and Answers

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of cells in cork?

  • Gregor Mendel
  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

Which invention was crucial for the discovery of the cell?

  • Microscope (correct)
  • Petri dish
  • Centrifuge
  • Telescope

What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek's significant contribution to biology?

  • He developed the theory of evolution.
  • He discovered the structure of DNA.
  • He discovered bacteria.
  • He discovered living organisms in pond water. (correct)

In what year did Robert Hooke make his discovery about cells?

<p>1665 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary function of early microscopes?

<p>To magnify objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is mentioned as not preceding modern biologists in using microscopes?

<p>Newton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microscopes as described?

<p>To magnify images using light or electron beams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Light microscopes are most similar to

<p>compound microscopes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Modern technology in microscopes compared to primitive instruments is primarily characterized by

<p>greater magnification power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for a compound light microscope to function?

<p>Light passing through a specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who concluded that all plants are made of cells in 1838?

<p>Matthias Schleiden (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Theodor Schwann propose about animals in 1839?

<p>Animals are made up of cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the cell theory?

<p>Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living material. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Quick Lab, what are students instructed to do after observing the slide under high magnification?

<p>Prepare slides for other tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Robert Hooke’s contributions to cell understanding using a microscope?

<p>He first described the term 'cell'. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when classifying cell shapes into groups according to the laboratory instructions?

<p>Classify cells based on their shape and the presence of definite walls. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the fundamental concept of the cell theory, which statement is true?

<p>All living organisms are made up of cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be concluded about cells that have definite walls based on the lab activity?

<p>Definite walls indicate a plant cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

<p>1 - 10 micrometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is common to all cells?

<p>Plasma membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT true about prokaryotic cells?

<p>They contain their DNA in a nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of the DNA molecule according to the figure?

<p>0.001 - 1,000 micrometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is visible to the human eye?

<p>Chicken egg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how long ago did the first photosynthetic organisms appear?

<p>2 billion years ago (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the simpler structure of prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

<p>Lack of a nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type has the largest size range listed in the table?

<p>Chicken egg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the genetic material of prokaryotic cells?

<p>It is circular DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is absent in prokaryotic cells but present in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following most accurately describes the primary structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes within the cytoplasmic matrix, prokaryotic cells do not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is typically characterized by the absence of a nucleus?

<p>Prokaryotic cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of plant cells that distinguishes them from animal cells?

<p>Presence of a cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about eukaryotic multicellular organisms?

<p>They possess internal membranes and a true nucleus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of cell would you expect to find specialized organelles?

<p>Eukaryotic cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms are eukaryotic?

<p>Plants and animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument supporting the complexity of prokaryotic cells despite their simpler structure?

<p>Prokaryotic cells have adapted to a wide range of environments, including extreme conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When constructing a counter-argument to the statement on cellular complexity, which fact supports the high level of complexity in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Eukaryotic cells have complex internal structures and specialized organelles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the size and complexity of prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells?

<p>Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the relative sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the provided text and diagrams?

<p>Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Discovery of the Cell

  • The smallest unit of a living thing is a cell
  • The discovery of the cell was made possible by the invention of the microscope
  • Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 while examining cork
  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered living organisms in pond water and other things using a single-lens microscope

The Cell Theory

  • All living things are made up of cells
  • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
  • New cells are produced from existing cells

Microscopes

  • Microscopes work by using beams of light or electrons to produce magnified images
  • Light microscopes allow light to pass through a specimen

Cell Size and Shape

  • Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes
  • Cell size ranges from 1 to 50 micrometers
  • Some cells are as hard as the sport athletes
  • DNA is 0.2 to 1000 micrometers in multicellular organisms

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

  • Prokaryotes are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells
  • Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus and their DNA is in a circular form
  • Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus that encloses the genetic material
  • Most eukaryotes are multicellular organisms and possess internal membranes within the cytoplasmic matrix

Prokaryotes

  • Include cells that are generally smaller and simpler when compared to eukaryotic cells
  • Do not have a nucleus and their genes are not enclosed in a nucleus
  • Perform important roles in the environment, including being the first photosynthetic organisms to appear on Earth

Cellular Complexity

  • Assigning a simple numerical value to the complexity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based solely on their structural complexity is a simplification
  • Both types of cells have evolved to be remarkably efficient and have their own unique advantages in terms of complexity

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Learn about the discovery of cells, the invention of the microscope, and the contributions of Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek to the field of biology.

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