The Discovery of the Cell
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Questions and Answers

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of cells in cork?

  • Gregor Mendel
  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

    • Which invention was crucial for the discovery of the cell?

  • Microscope (correct)
  • Petri dish
  • Centrifuge
  • Telescope

    • What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek's significant contribution to biology?

  • He developed the theory of evolution.
  • He discovered the structure of DNA.
  • He discovered bacteria.
  • He discovered living organisms in pond water. (correct)

    • In what year did Robert Hooke make his discovery about cells?

    <p>1665 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary function of early microscopes?

    <p>To magnify objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is mentioned as not preceding modern biologists in using microscopes?

    <p>Newton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microscopes as described?

    <p>To magnify images using light or electron beams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Light microscopes are most similar to

    <p>compound microscopes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern technology in microscopes compared to primitive instruments is primarily characterized by

    <p>greater magnification power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for a compound light microscope to function?

    <p>Light passing through a specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who concluded that all plants are made of cells in 1838?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Theodor Schwann propose about animals in 1839?

    <p>Animals are made up of cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the cell theory?

    <p>Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living material. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Quick Lab, what are students instructed to do after observing the slide under high magnification?

    <p>Prepare slides for other tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of Robert Hooke’s contributions to cell understanding using a microscope?

    <p>He first described the term 'cell'. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when classifying cell shapes into groups according to the laboratory instructions?

    <p>Classify cells based on their shape and the presence of definite walls. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the fundamental concept of the cell theory, which statement is true?

    <p>All living organisms are made up of cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be concluded about cells that have definite walls based on the lab activity?

    <p>Definite walls indicate a plant cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>1 - 10 micrometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is common to all cells?

    <p>Plasma membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT true about prokaryotic cells?

    <p>They contain their DNA in a nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of the DNA molecule according to the figure?

    <p>0.001 - 1,000 micrometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types is visible to the human eye?

    <p>Chicken egg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately how long ago did the first photosynthetic organisms appear?

    <p>2 billion years ago (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the simpler structure of prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Lack of a nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type has the largest size range listed in the table?

    <p>Chicken egg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the genetic material of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>It is circular DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is absent in prokaryotic cells but present in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following most accurately describes the primary structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes within the cytoplasmic matrix, prokaryotic cells do not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is typically characterized by the absence of a nucleus?

    <p>Prokaryotic cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of plant cells that distinguishes them from animal cells?

    <p>Presence of a cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about eukaryotic multicellular organisms?

    <p>They possess internal membranes and a true nucleus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of cell would you expect to find specialized organelles?

    <p>Eukaryotic cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms are eukaryotic?

    <p>Plants and animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main argument supporting the complexity of prokaryotic cells despite their simpler structure?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells have adapted to a wide range of environments, including extreme conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When constructing a counter-argument to the statement on cellular complexity, which fact supports the high level of complexity in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells have complex internal structures and specialized organelles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the size and complexity of prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the relative sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the provided text and diagrams?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Discovery of the Cell

    • The smallest unit of a living thing is a cell
    • The discovery of the cell was made possible by the invention of the microscope
    • Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 while examining cork
    • Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered living organisms in pond water and other things using a single-lens microscope

    The Cell Theory

    • All living things are made up of cells
    • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
    • New cells are produced from existing cells

    Microscopes

    • Microscopes work by using beams of light or electrons to produce magnified images
    • Light microscopes allow light to pass through a specimen

    Cell Size and Shape

    • Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes
    • Cell size ranges from 1 to 50 micrometers
    • Some cells are as hard as the sport athletes
    • DNA is 0.2 to 1000 micrometers in multicellular organisms

    Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

    • Prokaryotes are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells
    • Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus and their DNA is in a circular form
    • Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus that encloses the genetic material
    • Most eukaryotes are multicellular organisms and possess internal membranes within the cytoplasmic matrix

    Prokaryotes

    • Include cells that are generally smaller and simpler when compared to eukaryotic cells
    • Do not have a nucleus and their genes are not enclosed in a nucleus
    • Perform important roles in the environment, including being the first photosynthetic organisms to appear on Earth

    Cellular Complexity

    • Assigning a simple numerical value to the complexity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based solely on their structural complexity is a simplification
    • Both types of cells have evolved to be remarkably efficient and have their own unique advantages in terms of complexity

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    Description

    Learn about the discovery of cells, the invention of the microscope, and the contributions of Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek to the field of biology.

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