The Digestive System and Body Metabolism

Functions of the Oropharynx

• Connects the mouth to the esophagus and serves as a passageway for both food and air.
• Plays a role in swallowing, allowing food to pass to the esophagus.
• Contains tonsils, which contribute to immune function.

Purpose of Chewing in Digestion

• Breaks down food into smaller particles, increasing surface area for digestive enzymes.
• Mixes food with saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate carbohydrate digestion.
• Facilitates the formation of a bolus, making swallowing easier.

Organ Not Part of the Gastrointestinal Tract

• The pancreas is often classified as an accessory organ due to its role in producing digestive enzymes, but it is not part of the GIT itself.

Function of the Laryngopharynx

• Acts as a junction where the respiratory and digestive tracts diverge.
• Directs food and liquids to the esophagus and air to the trachea during swallowing.
• Plays a role in protecting the airway during the swallowing process.

Primary Function of the Nasopharynx

• Serves as a passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the oropharynx and down to the lungs.
• Filters, warms, and humidifies the air entering the respiratory system.
• Houses the adenoids, which participate in immune response.

Test your knowledge about the organs and functions of the digestive system, as well as body metabolism. Learn from Dr. Noha Mohsen Gamil, a lecturer of Pharmacology and Toxicology.