Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the primary function of the circulatory system?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of the circulatory system?
- Producing hormones that regulate body functions.
- Filtering waste products from the blood.
- Supplying the body with blood and removing waste. (correct)
- Controlling the body's response to external stimuli.
What is the role of the valves present in veins?
What is the role of the valves present in veins?
- To ensure the blood flows smoothly through the capillaries.
- To increase the blood pressure within veins.
- To prevent the backflow of blood. (correct)
- To direct blood flow towards the arteries.
Which type of blood vessel is responsible for exchanging oxygen and nutrients with body tissues?
Which type of blood vessel is responsible for exchanging oxygen and nutrients with body tissues?
- Veins
- Capillaries (correct)
- Arteries
- Arterioles
If a person loses a significant amount of blood (20% or more), what is the primary risk?
If a person loses a significant amount of blood (20% or more), what is the primary risk?
A sphygmomanometer measures which of the following?
A sphygmomanometer measures which of the following?
What is the primary role of red blood cells?
What is the primary role of red blood cells?
Which component of blood plasma is most important for regulating body temperature?
Which component of blood plasma is most important for regulating body temperature?
What is the approximate volume of blood in an average human body?
What is the approximate volume of blood in an average human body?
According to the formula provided, what is the maximum heart rate (MHR) of a 65-year-old person?
According to the formula provided, what is the maximum heart rate (MHR) of a 65-year-old person?
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Why does heart rate increase during exercise, such as performing high knees?
Why does heart rate increase during exercise, such as performing high knees?
Which of the following pathways represents the correct order of blood flow back to the heart, starting from the capillaries?
Which of the following pathways represents the correct order of blood flow back to the heart, starting from the capillaries?
White blood cells contribute to which critical function within the circulatory system?
White blood cells contribute to which critical function within the circulatory system?
If a 40-year-old calculates their maximum heart rate (MHR) and then achieves 80% of that MHR during exercise, what is their heart rate during that exercise?
If a 40-year-old calculates their maximum heart rate (MHR) and then achieves 80% of that MHR during exercise, what is their heart rate during that exercise?
Blood in the pulmonary artery is characterized by which of the following properties?
Blood in the pulmonary artery is characterized by which of the following properties?
How does the structure of arteries contribute to their function of carrying blood away from the heart?
How does the structure of arteries contribute to their function of carrying blood away from the heart?
If a person's heart is less efficient over time, as suggested by changes in maximum heart rate, what potential effect does this have on the body?
If a person's heart is less efficient over time, as suggested by changes in maximum heart rate, what potential effect does this have on the body?
In terms of blood composition, which option BEST explains the distribution of its components?
In terms of blood composition, which option BEST explains the distribution of its components?
How does the circulatory system collaboratively support movement, relating to the respiratory system?
How does the circulatory system collaboratively support movement, relating to the respiratory system?
Flashcards
Circulatory System Role
Circulatory System Role
Supplies the body with blood, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and muscles, while removing waste products and carbon dioxide. It also helps maintain body temperature.
Arteries
Arteries
Elastic tubes that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, branching into smaller arterioles.
Capillaries
Capillaries
Tiny vessels that work their way through joints, bones, muscles, and organs, dropping off oxygen and nutrients, and picking up waste and carbon dioxide.
Veins
Veins
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Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure
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Plasma
Plasma
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Red Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
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White Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
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Platelets
Platelets
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Maximum Heart Rate
Maximum Heart Rate
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Study Notes
- The circulatory system supplies all body parts with adequate blood.
- It provides organs and muscles with oxygen and nutrients.
- The circulatory system removes waste products and carbon dioxide.
- It aids in maintaining body temperature.
- The circulatory system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
- It works closely with the respiratory system to provide energy for movement.
Structure of the Heart
- The heart consists of the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle.
- Aorta carries blood from the heart to the brain and body.
- Pulmonary artery carries blood to the lungs.
- Superior vena cava brings blood to the heart from the body.
- Inferior vena cava brings blood to the heart from the body.
- Pulmonary veins carry blood to the heart from the lungs.
Blood Vessels
- Arteries are elastic tubes carrying blood away from the heart.
- They carry blood rich in oxygen.
- Arteries branch into smaller vessels called arterioles.
- Arterial pressure is higher than in other vessels.
- Capillaries feed into venules, which lead into veins.
- Veins carry used blood back to the heart.
- Veins transport blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
- Veins contain valves to prevent backflow due to low pressure.
- Capillaries are tiny vessels in joints, bones, muscles, and organs.
- Capillaries deliver oxygen and nutrients.
- They pick up waste and carbon dioxide.
Blood Pressure
- Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on artery walls.
- It is measured at two points during the heartbeat.
- Blood pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury using a sphygmomanometer.
- A sphygmomanometer is an inflatable cuff wrapped around the upper arm.
Blood Composition
- The average person has about 5 litres of blood.
- Blood takes about one minute to circulate the body.
- Blood is 55% fluid (plasma) and 45% solid particles.
- Solid particles include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
- Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to body cells.
- Oxygen-carrying red blood cells are bright red; those that have delivered oxygen are dark.
- White blood cells are larger than red blood cells, but fewer in number.
- White blood cells fight infection and kill bacteria.
- Plasma is a yellowish liquid.
- 50% of plasma is water, important for body temperature control.
- Plasma carries waste, dissolved food nutrients, and hormones.
- Platelets are a quarter of the size of red blood cells.
- Platelets form clots to stop excessive bleeding.
- Losing 20% or more of blood volume can be fatal.
Heart Rate
- Maximum heart rate (MHR) can be estimated using the formula: 220 - age = MHR.
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