The Chemical Basis of Life: Subatomic Particles and Elements
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Questions and Answers

What type of bond do polar covalent bonded molecules like water have?

  • Hydrogen
  • Nonpolar covalent
  • Ionic (correct)
  • Metallic
  • Which type of reaction builds a new molecule and requires energy?

  • Decomposition reaction
  • Reversible reaction
  • Exchange reaction
  • Synthesis reaction (correct)
  • What occurs in reversible reactions?

  • Reactants are converted to new products
  • The reaction can run in the opposite direction (correct)
  • Products are converted to new reactants
  • Energy is not involved
  • In the reaction A+B→C+D, what are A and B referred to as?

    <p>Reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the capacity to do work defined as?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reactions involves a combination of synthesis and decomposition reactions?

    <p>Exchange reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

    <p>Short-term energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type contains one or more double covalent bonds between carbons?

    <p>Unsaturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general chemical composition ratio of carbohydrates in terms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

    <p>1:2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organic molecule group is essential for building brain cells due to its requirement for glucose?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Increases the rate of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type has a lower proportion of oxygen to carbon than carbohydrates?

    <p>Unsaturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest particle of an element?

    <p>Electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which particle is located outside the nucleus of an atom?

    <p>Electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of protons in each atom known as?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, what type of bonding occurs?

    <p>Covalent bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when there is an unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond?

    <p>Polar covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bond is weaker than ionic or covalent bonds?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms when the positive end of one polar molecule attracts the negative end of another polar molecule?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a chemical combination of 2 or more different types of atoms known as?

    <p>Compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when there is a formation or breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, ions, molecules, or compounds?

    <p><em>Chemical reaction</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form of energy that is stored in chemical bonds?

    <p>Potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction that releases energy in the breakdown of ATP?

    <p>ATP ADP + P</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT influence the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of a base?

    <p>It is a proton (H+) acceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between inorganic and organic chemistry?

    <p>Inorganic chemistry deals with substances that do not contain carbon, while organic chemistry deals with substances that contain carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of carbon allows it to form large, diverse, and complicated molecules for life?

    <p>Carbon's ability to form covalent bonds with other atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of enzymes?

    <p>To increase the rate of biochemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that can cause protein denaturation?

    <p>Proper pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the protein actin?

    <p>Muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ATP?

    <p>An important organic molecule found in all living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main elements that make up proteins?

    <p>Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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