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Questions and Answers
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?
What characterizes the G0 phase of the cell cycle?
What characterizes the G0 phase of the cell cycle?
In which phase of the cell cycle does cell growth and metabolic activity occur?
In which phase of the cell cycle does cell growth and metabolic activity occur?
What occurs by the end of G2 phase in the cell cycle?
What occurs by the end of G2 phase in the cell cycle?
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What characterizes interphase cytologically?
What characterizes interphase cytologically?
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During which phase of the cell cycle does the actual process of mitosis occur?
During which phase of the cell cycle does the actual process of mitosis occur?
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In which phase of the cell cycle is the most variation in length observed among different cell types?
In which phase of the cell cycle is the most variation in length observed among different cell types?
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Which structure is responsible for the completion of mitosis?
Which structure is responsible for the completion of mitosis?
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What regulates the entry into mitosis?
What regulates the entry into mitosis?
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What is responsible for the degradation of cyclins?
What is responsible for the degradation of cyclins?
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What is the role of dyneins in cell division?
What is the role of dyneins in cell division?
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Which proteins control the division of the cell itself?
Which proteins control the division of the cell itself?
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What is responsible for the formation of cleavage furrow during cytokinesis?
What is responsible for the formation of cleavage furrow during cytokinesis?
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What regulates cell proliferation during embryonal development?
What regulates cell proliferation during embryonal development?
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Which pathway is involved in transduction of mitogenic signal?
Which pathway is involved in transduction of mitogenic signal?
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What is the mechanism of action of Colchicine as an inhibitor of cell division?
What is the mechanism of action of Colchicine as an inhibitor of cell division?
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Which drug stabilizes microtubules and interferes with their breakdown during cell division?
Which drug stabilizes microtubules and interferes with their breakdown during cell division?
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What is the primary target of platinum derivatives such as Cisplatin in inhibiting cell division?
What is the primary target of platinum derivatives such as Cisplatin in inhibiting cell division?
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Which enzyme is inhibited by Gemcitabine, leading to induction of apoptosis?
Which enzyme is inhibited by Gemcitabine, leading to induction of apoptosis?
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Which growth factor receptor do Erlotinib and Gefitinib inhibit?
Which growth factor receptor do Erlotinib and Gefitinib inhibit?
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What is the function of Bevacizumab in inhibiting cell division?
What is the function of Bevacizumab in inhibiting cell division?
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Which antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell wall?
Which antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell wall?
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What is the mechanism of action of Streptomycin as an inhibitor of cell division?
What is the mechanism of action of Streptomycin as an inhibitor of cell division?
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What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
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What is the subunit of chromatin called?
What is the subunit of chromatin called?
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What happens during prophase of mitotic division?
What happens during prophase of mitotic division?
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What characterizes anaphase A of mitotic division?
What characterizes anaphase A of mitotic division?
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What is the role of polar microtubules in mitotic division?
What is the role of polar microtubules in mitotic division?
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What occurs at the completion of metaphase in mitotic division?
What occurs at the completion of metaphase in mitotic division?
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What drives the sliding of polar microtubules in anaphase B of mitotic division?
What drives the sliding of polar microtubules in anaphase B of mitotic division?
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Study Notes
Overview of Cell Cycle and Mitotic Division
- During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs, resulting in each chromosome consisting of two chromatids, ensuring genetic information is maintained in daughter cells.
- Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins called histones and non-histones, forming a higher structure called chromatin, with the subunit known as nucleosome.
- Mitotic division in eukaryotic somatic cells involves distinct phases, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, each characterized by specific events.
- In prophase, centrosomes migrate to opposite poles, the nucleolus disappears, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and chromatin condenses into sister chromatids, with the formation of kinetochores.
- Prometaphase refers to the period of chromosome movement, while metaphase is the configuration following this movement, involving three kinds of microtubules: kinetochore, polar, and astral microtubules.
- Kinetochore microtubules attach to the kinetochore and vary in number, while polar microtubules establish and maintain pole separation, and astral microtubules form the aster and help determine the cleavage plane during cytokinesis.
- At the completion of metaphase, the chromosomes are randomly arranged with each centromere aligned at the metaphase plane and chromosome arms extending outward.
- During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite ends of the cell, marked by the division of each centromere region and the initiation of anaphase A and anaphase B.
- Anaphase A is characterized by the shortening of kinetochore microtubules, driven by the molecular motor dynein, which pulls the chromosomes toward the poles, followed by rapid depolymerization of kinetochore microtubules.
- Anaphase B involves the sliding of polar microtubules by the motor proteins kinesins, generating the force for centrosome separation.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the cell cycle and mitotic division with this comprehensive quiz. Explore topics such as DNA replication, chromosome structure, and the distinct phases of mitosis. Challenge yourself with questions on prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and enhance your understanding of the intricate events that occur during each phase.
