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Questions and Answers
What does the P Curve in the cardiac cycle represent?
What does the P Curve in the cardiac cycle represent?
The QRS curve represents the depolarization of the ventricles and the repolarization of the atria.
The QRS curve represents the depolarization of the ventricles and the repolarization of the atria.
True
Where is the heart rate center located in the brain?
Where is the heart rate center located in the brain?
Medulla Oblongata
During ______, the heart muscle undergoes contraction, while during ______ the heart relaxes.
During ______, the heart muscle undergoes contraction, while during ______ the heart relaxes.
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Which segment represents the slow conduction of the electrical impulse through the AV Node?
Which segment represents the slow conduction of the electrical impulse through the AV Node?
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The sympathetic nervous system slows down the heart rate.
The sympathetic nervous system slows down the heart rate.
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What happens during the T curve of the cardiac cycle?
What happens during the T curve of the cardiac cycle?
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Match the curves in the PQRST cycle with their corresponding phases:
Match the curves in the PQRST cycle with their corresponding phases:
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Study Notes
The Cardiac Cycle
- The cardiac cycle includes atrial and ventricular systole and diastole
- During systole, an electrical signal travels through the heart muscle
- This signal creates voltage changes across the heart's surface
- These changes are recorded as a PQRST curve
- Systole (contraction) corresponds to depolarization
- Diastole (relaxation) corresponds to repolarization
- The P wave shows atrial depolarization, driving blood to the ventricles
- The PR segment represents slow conduction through the AV node
- The QRS complex shows ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
- The ventricles contract strongly, pushing blood out via arteries
- The T wave represents ventricular repolarization (recovery)
- Prepares the ventricles for the next contraction
Heart Rate Regulation
- The heart rate center is in the medulla oblongata
- Connected to the brain by the vagus nerve (part of the autonomic nervous system)
- Two systems affect heart rate:
- Parasympathetic (decreases heart rate)
- Sympathetic (increases heart rate)
- Factors like oxygen need or blood pressure levels influence which system is triggered
Blood Pressure
- Blood pressure is the force against blood vessel walls from blood flow
- Blood pressure adjusts based on external factors to maintain homeostasis
- Blood pressure is measured in two values:
- Systolic pressure (ventricle contraction)
- Diastolic pressure (heart at rest)
Measuring Blood Pressure
- Normal blood pressure is typically 120/80 mmHg
- Measured with a sphygmomanometer on the brachial artery
- Systolic pressure is the top number (force during contraction)
- Diastolic pressure is the bottom number (force when the heart rests)
- Blood pressure is influenced by external factors
- Pulse is the recoil of artery walls during pumping
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Description
This quiz covers the cardiac cycle, including the phases of systole and diastole, and the electrical signals that trigger heart contractions. It also explores heart rate regulation mechanisms, particularly the role of the medulla oblongata and the autonomic nervous system. Test your knowledge of these essential concepts in cardiovascular physiology!
