The Atom: Model Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who first used the word 'atomos' to describe indivisible particles of matter?

  • J.J. Thomson
  • John Dalton
  • Democritus (correct)
  • Ernest Rutherford

    • According to John Dalton's theory, atoms are:

  • Divisible and destructible
  • Hard, indivisible, and indestructible spheres (correct)
  • Composed of electrons embedded in positive material
  • Orbiting the nucleus in specific energy levels

    • The Plum Pudding Model of the atom, proposed by J.J. Thomson, describes the atom as:

  • Indivisible and indestructible spheres
  • Electrons orbiting the nucleus in distinct, spherical orbits
  • Positively charged material with electrons embedded within (correct)
  • A compact nucleus with electrons orbiting around it

    • Who proposed the Saturnian Model of the atom?

    <p>Hantaro Nagaoka</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What experiment did Ernest Rutherford conduct to confirm the existence of a compact nucleus?

    <p>The Gold Foil experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Rutherford's Nuclear Model of the atom, what happened to most of the alpha particles sent through the gold foil?

    <p>They passed straight through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who established that electrons move in distinct, spherical orbits with specific energy levels at fixed distances from the nucleus?

    <p>Niels Bohr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What experiment was used to observe the energy levels of electrons in atoms?

    <p>The Flame Test experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following models of the atom describes electrons orbiting the nucleus like the rings of Saturn orbit the planet?

    <p>The Saturnian Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the development of the atomic model?

    <p>Each model built upon and improved the previous model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the average mass of carbon if all carbon atoms were carbon-13?

    <p>13 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If there were a 50/50 mix of carbon-12 and carbon-13, what would be the average mass of all carbon?

    <p>12.5 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If there were 75% carbon-12 and 25% carbon-13, what would be the average mass of all carbon?

    <p>12.25 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the actual percentages of carbon-12 and carbon-13 isotopes?

    <p>98.93% carbon-12 and 1.07% carbon-13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of carbon listed on the periodic table?

    <p>12.01 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the abundances of the two stable lithium isotopes?

    <p>92.4% lithium-7 and 7.6% lithium-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weighted average atomic mass of lithium?

    <p>6.924 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bromine has two stable isotopes. Which isotope of bromine is more common?

    <p>Bromine-79</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the abundances of the two stable chlorine isotopes?

    <p>75.8% chlorine-35 and 24.2% chlorine-37</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weighted average atomic mass of chlorine?

    <p>35.484 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model of the atom?

    <p>The Bohr model shows spherical orbits, while the quantum model has complex orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nucleons?

    <p>Protons and neutrons found within the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the atomic number of an element determined?

    <p>By the number of protons in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an anion and a cation?

    <p>An anion has more electrons than protons, while a cation has fewer electrons than protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol '$^{63}_{29}$Cu' represent?

    <p>An isotope of copper with 29 protons and 63 neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of an element?

    <p>The weighted average mass of all the stable isotopes of the element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons are present in a neutral silicon atom?

    <p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of a magnesium ion with the symbol 'Mg$^{2+}$'?

    <p>+2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mass number of the isotope '$^{35}_{17}$Cl'?

    <p>35</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you determine the number of neutrons in an atom from the isotope notation?

    <p>Subtract the atomic number from the mass number</p> Signup and view all the answers

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