Chapter 9
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Questions and Answers

Which organization played a role in stimulating democracy after the Revolution?

  • Religious groups
  • Trade unions (correct)
  • Political parties
  • Educational institutions

    • Which inheritance law was abolished after the Revolution?

  • Primogeniture (correct)
  • Entailment
  • Coverture
  • Dower rights

    • Which church was disestablished after the Revolution?

  • Congregational Church
  • Catholic Church
  • Anglican Church (correct)
  • Baptist Church

    • Which state saw a prolonged struggle for separation of church and state?

    <p>Virginia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country experienced a revolution that resulted in a radical and total change of the political and social framework?

    <p>France</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the exodus of Loyalists have on the new American government?

    <p>It paved the way for new, Patriot elites to emerge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of reducing property-holding requirements for voting in most states?

    <p>It allowed more people to participate in the political process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Society of the Cincinnati?

    <p>An exclusive hereditary order of Continental Army officers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government was missing in the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>Executive branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many states were linked together under the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>Thirteen states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a major complaint about the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>The unequal distribution of western lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a major weakness of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>Inability to enforce tax collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the Second Continental Congress?

    <p>A conference of ambassadors from the thirteen states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Thomas Jefferson think of the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>He thought they were a stepping-stone towards the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

    <p>To establish a uniform national land policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused hard times in America shortly after the Revolutionary War?

    <p>The flooding of the American market with cut-rate goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the war have on manufacturing in the United States?

    <p>Manufacturing boomed due to nonimportation agreements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic changes occurred as a result of the war?

    <p>States seized control of former crown lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the newly penned state constitutions?

    <p>To establish a fundamental law superior to ordinary legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevailing attitude about women does the painting reveal?

    <p>Women were valued for their role as homemakers and mothers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were women elevated to a prestigious role as the special keepers of the nation's conscience?

    <p>Because they were seen as more selfless and devoted to their families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the availability of cheap land have on the United States?

    <p>It helped avoid the excesses of the French Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were the state legislatures deliberately created with weak executive and judicial branches?

    <p>To prevent despotic governors and arbitrary judges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the geographical shifts of state capitals during the Revolutionary era indicate?

    <p>A shift in political power to the less pretentious interior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the size of each township in the Old Northwest?

    <p>Six miles square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law provided for the sale of the acreage in the Old Northwest?

    <p>Land Ordinance of 1785</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of surveying the vast area before sale and settlement?

    <p>To prevent endless confusion and lawsuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river is located east of the described area of land?

    <p>Mississippi River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of setting aside the sixteenth section of each township?

    <p>To sell it for the benefit of public schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the orderly settlement of the Northwest Territory?

    <p>Recorded land titles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the American Revolution?

    <p>An accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the exodus of Loyalists have on the new American government?

    <p>It reinforced aristocratic upper crust and their culture and elegance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the prevailing attitude about equality during the American Revolution?

    <p>Equality was everywhere the watchword</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of reducing property-holding requirements for voting in most states?

    <p>To allow more people to participate in the democratic process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the written constitution drafted for the new nation before declaring independence in 1776?

    <p>The Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country flooded the American market with cut-rate goods after the Revolutionary War?

    <p>Britain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state held out on ratifying the Articles of Confederation until March 1, 1781?

    <p>Maryland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role did women play in the newly formed American republic?

    <p>They were the special keepers of the nation's conscience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the newly drafted state constitutions?

    <p>To represent a fundamental law superior to ordinary legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What innovation did Massachusetts contribute to the drafting of its constitution?

    <p>Submitting the final draft directly to the people for ratification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the state legislatures deliberately create weak executive and judicial branches?

    <p>To prevent the concentration of power in the hands of despotic governors and judges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>To provide a loose confederation of states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major weakness of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>It had no power to regulate commerce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the requirement for amending the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>Support of all thirteen states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Thomas Jefferson think of the Articles of Confederation?

    <p>He thought they were the best existing constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevailing attitude about women does the painting reveal?

    <p>Women were revered as homemakers and mothers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic changes occurred as a result of the war?

    <p>States seized control of former crown lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the availability of cheap land have on the United States?

    <p>It led to an increase in population and economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the availability of cheap land have on the United States?

    <p>It led to an increase in population and economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river is located east of the described area of land?

    <p>Mississippi River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

    <p>To prevent confusion and lawsuits in land settlement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the size of each township in the Old Northwest?

    <p>Six square miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of reducing property-holding requirements for voting in most states?

    <p>It limited the power of the wealthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the orderly settlement of the Northwest Territory?

    <p>Reduced land disputes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of setting aside the sixteenth section of each township?

    <p>To provide land for public schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the American Revolution on the institution of slavery?

    <p>Slavery was abolished in all northern states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the fight for separation of church and state in Virginia?

    <p>The Protestant Episcopal Church was established</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women's rights during the Revolutionary era?

    <p>Women were still doing traditional women's work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did abolition not go further during the Revolutionary era?

    <p>A fight over slavery would have threatened national unity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Democracy and Governance After the Revolution

    • The Continental Congress played a crucial role in stimulating democracy following the Revolution.
    • Primogeniture, a law favoring eldest sons, was abolished, leading to more equal inheritance practices.
    • The Anglican Church was disestablished after the Revolution, promoting religious freedom.
    • Virginia experienced a prolonged struggle for separation of church and state.

    International Context and its Impact

    • France underwent a radical revolution, drastically altering its political and social framework.
    • The exodus of Loyalists weakened the newly formed American government by removing influential voices and economic contributors.

    Voting Rights and Political Changes

    • Reducing property-holding requirements for voting expanded electoral participation and promoted broader representation.
    • The Society of the Cincinnati was established to preserve the principles of the Revolution and foster camaraderie among former military leaders.

    Structure of Government

    • The Articles of Confederation lacked a separate executive branch, leading to governance issues.
    • Thirteen states were linked under the Articles of Confederation, emphasizing a decentralized government.
    • A major complaint about the Articles was its inability to levy taxes or regulate commerce effectively.
    • A significant weakness of Congress under the Articles was the lack of enforcement power over state laws.

    Insights on the Articles and State Constitutions

    • The Second Continental Congress served as a wartime government guiding the colonies towards independence.
    • Thomas Jefferson criticized the Articles of Confederation, deeming them too weak to function effectively.
    • The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 aimed to organize territories and establish procedures for statehood.
    • Economic hardships followed the Revolutionary War, notably due to debts and disruptions in trade.

    Social Changes During and After the War

    • The war catalyzed growth in American manufacturing by reducing dependency on British goods.
    • Newly penned state constitutions articulated fundamental principles of governance and rights.
    • The prevailing attitude about women depicted them as key moral stewards of the nation, granting them a certain respect despite limited formal rights.

    Land Policies and Social Structures

    • The availability of cheap land incentivized westward expansion and settlement.
    • State legislatures were intentionally designed with weak executive and judicial branches to prevent tyranny.
    • Geographical shifts of state capitals indicated the move toward greater representation and accessibility for citizens.
    • Each township in the Old Northwest was standardized at six square miles for organized settlement.

    Economic Policies and Settlement

    • The Land Ordinance of 1785 facilitated the sale of acreage in the Old Northwest, establishing organized settlement patterns.
    • Surveying land before sale ensured orderly development and land management.
    • Setting aside the sixteenth section of each township was intended to fund public education.

    Legacy of the American Revolution

    • Orderly settlement of the Northwest Territory reinforced the principles of democracy and state representation.
    • The Revolution prompted a reevaluation of equality, with movements toward reducing socioeconomic barriers.
    • Despite the Revolution, abolition did not progress significantly due to economic interests in slavery and social norms.

    Church and State Conflict

    • The Virginia movement for separation culminated in the establishment of religious freedom and the disestablishment of churches.
    • Women's rights remained limited during the Revolutionary era, with traditional roles largely unchanged despite their contributions to the war effort.

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