The 6 Kingdoms of Life Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is taxonomy?

Grouping of organisms based on their characteristics

What factors are used to classify living organisms?

Structural similarities, 2. Biochemistry, 3. Geographic distribution, 4. Chromosome comparison, 5. Breeding behavior

What are the six kingdoms of life?

Eubacteria, 2. Archaebacteria, 3. Protista, 4. Fungi, 5. Plantae, 6. Animalia

What are the two cell types?

<ol> <li>Prokaryote, 2. Eukaryote</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three oxygen requirement types?

<ol> <li>Aerobic cellular respiration, 2. Anaerobic, 3. Can do both</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two methods of reproduction?

<ol> <li>Sexual, 2. Asexual</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the seven taxonomy levels?

<ol> <li>Kingdom, 2. Phylum, 3. Class, 4. Order, 5. Family, 6. Genus, 7. Species</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Describe Eubacteria.

Cell type: Prokaryote; Cell structure: Cell wall made of peptidoglycan; Number of cells: Unicellular; Mode of nutrition: Autotroph/Heterotroph; Example: E. coli, Streptococcus Signup and view all the answers

Describe Archaebacteria.

Cell type: Prokaryote; Cell structure: Cell wall not made of peptidoglycan; Number of cells: Unicellular; Mode of nutrition: Autotroph/Heterotroph or chemosynthesis; Example: Methanogens, extremophiles, halophiles Signup and view all the answers

Describe Protista.

Cell type: Eukaryote; Cell structure: Cell wall made of cellulose; Number of cells: Most unicellular, some colonial, some multicellular; Mode of nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph; Example: Amoeba, paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp Signup and view all the answers

Describe Fungi.

Cell type: Eukaryote; Cell structure: Cell wall made of chitin; Number of cells: Most multicellular, some unicellular; Mode of nutrition: Heterotroph; Example: Mushroom, mildew, yeast Signup and view all the answers

Describe Plantae.

Cell type: Eukaryote; Cell structure: Cell wall made of cellulose; Number of cells: Multicellular; Mode of nutrition: Autotroph; Example: Mosses, ferns, flowering plants Signup and view all the answers

Describe Animalia.

Cell type: Eukaryote; Cell structure: No cell wall; Number of cells: Multicellular; Mode of nutrition: Heterotroph; Example: Sponges, worms, insects, fish, shellfish, reptiles, mammals Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Taxonomy

Definition: Grouping of organisms based on their characteristics, facilitating classification and study.

Classification Factors

Structural similarities in organisms are evaluated.
Biochemistry or biochemical pathways understanding helps differentiate species.
Geographic distribution influences organism classification based on habitats.
Chromosome comparison allows for genomic assessments and evolutionary relationships.
Breeding behavior examines reproductive traits for classification.

Six Kingdoms of Life

Eubacteria: Prokaryotic, unicellular organisms with peptidoglycan cell walls.
Archaebacteria: Prokaryotic, unicellular organisms with unique cell wall structures not made of peptidoglycan.
Protista: Eukaryotic group; mostly unicellular, some multicellular, with cellulose cell walls.
Fungi: Eukaryotic, primarily multicellular (some unicellular), with chitin cell walls.
Plantae: Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms with cellulose cell walls; primarily autotrophic.
Animalia: Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms lacking cell walls; heterotrophic.

Cell Types

Prokaryote: Simple, unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus.
Eukaryote: Complex cells with a defined nucleus and organelles.

Oxygen Requirements

Aerobic: Requires oxygen for cellular respiration.
Anaerobic: Does not require oxygen; may tolerate or be harmed by it.
Facultative: Capable of both aerobic and anaerobic processes.

Reproduction Methods

Sexual reproduction: Involves the fusion of gametes.
Asexual reproduction: Involves a single organism replicating itself without gamete fusion.

Taxonomy Levels

Seven hierarchical levels: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

Eubacteria Characteristics

Cell type: Prokaryote with peptidoglycan in its cell wall.
Structure: Unicellular and can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Examples: E. coli, Streptococcus.

Archaebacteria Characteristics

Cell type: Prokaryote with unique cell wall structures.
Structure: Unicellular; can be autotrophic, heterotrophic, or perform chemosynthesis.
Examples: Methanogens, extremophiles, halophiles.

Protista Characteristics

Cell type: Eukaryote with cellulose in cell walls.
Structure: Most are unicellular, some colonial, and others multicellular.
Nutrition: Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Examples: Amoeba, paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp.

Fungi Characteristics

Cell type: Eukaryote with chitin in cell walls.
Structure: Primarily multicellular; some unicellular.
Nutrition: Heterotrophic, acting as decomposers.
Examples: Mushrooms, mildew, yeast.

Plantae Characteristics

Cell type: Eukaryote with cellulose in cell walls.
Structure: Multicellular organisms.
Nutrition: Autotrophic through photosynthesis.
Examples: Mosses, ferns, flowering plants.

Animalia Characteristics

Cell type: Eukaryote; lacks a cell wall.
Structure: Multicellular organisms.
Nutrition: Heterotrophic, consuming other organisms for sustenance.
Examples: Sponges, worms, insects, fish, shellfish, reptiles, mammals.

Description

Test your knowledge of the six kingdoms of life with these flashcards. Explore key concepts in taxonomy, characteristics used for classification, and the various groups within the biological hierarchy. Perfect for students studying biology and classification.