Podcast
Questions and Answers
What primary advantage do adults have despite slower brain function?
What primary advantage do adults have despite slower brain function?
- Enhanced physical strength.
- Higher cognitive flexibility.
- Ability to analyze complex situations. (correct)
- Faster reaction times.
Which condition is primarily caused by chronic alcohol abuse?
Which condition is primarily caused by chronic alcohol abuse?
- Alzheimer’s disease.
- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. (correct)
- Huntington’s chorea.
- Traumatic brain injury.
What are common causes of significant brain loss in adults between ages 25 and 65?
What are common causes of significant brain loss in adults between ages 25 and 65?
- Drug abuse and depression.
- Stress and lack of sleep.
- Poor circulation and traumatic brain injury. (correct)
- Genetic predisposition and consumption of caffeine.
How does the brain's performance change with aging?
How does the brain's performance change with aging?
What does cognitive reserve enable in adults?
What does cognitive reserve enable in adults?
What is one potential consequence of impaired blood flow to the brain?
What is one potential consequence of impaired blood flow to the brain?
Which of the following viruses can cross the blood-brain barrier?
Which of the following viruses can cross the blood-brain barrier?
Which disorder is inherited and starts to damage the brain in middle age?
Which disorder is inherited and starts to damage the brain in middle age?
What is suggested to aid in the recovery of brain function after injury?
What is suggested to aid in the recovery of brain function after injury?
How does age affect neuronal connections in the brain?
How does age affect neuronal connections in the brain?
What is a key characteristic of brain plasticity?
What is a key characteristic of brain plasticity?
What role does meditation play in brain development?
What role does meditation play in brain development?
Which condition may increase the risk of irreversible brain damage when combined with genetic vulnerability?
Which condition may increase the risk of irreversible brain damage when combined with genetic vulnerability?
What happens to dendrites in adulthood?
What happens to dendrites in adulthood?
In what manner can the brain adapt after a stroke?
In what manner can the brain adapt after a stroke?
What is the impact of repetitive performance of an action on the brain?
What is the impact of repetitive performance of an action on the brain?
What is the concept referred to as 'g' in the context of intelligence?
What is the concept referred to as 'g' in the context of intelligence?
Which factor has NOT been suggested as influencing intelligence according to recent research?
Which factor has NOT been suggested as influencing intelligence according to recent research?
What do researchers agree about IQ in adulthood?
What do researchers agree about IQ in adulthood?
Which methodology was criticized for not accounting for emotional and motivational factors in intelligence?
Which methodology was criticized for not accounting for emotional and motivational factors in intelligence?
What did Spearman believe about intelligence and IQ?
What did Spearman believe about intelligence and IQ?
Recent genetic studies have linked intelligence to how many specific genes?
Recent genetic studies have linked intelligence to how many specific genes?
Which aspect of intelligence is emphasized in the discussion of adult experiences?
Which aspect of intelligence is emphasized in the discussion of adult experiences?
Which of the following statements best describes the views on the origins of g?
Which of the following statements best describes the views on the origins of g?
What does the life-span perspective on intelligence emphasize?
What does the life-span perspective on intelligence emphasize?
According to neuroscientific perspectives, what is crucial for general intelligence (g)?
According to neuroscientific perspectives, what is crucial for general intelligence (g)?
What did Cattell and Horn propose about adult intelligence?
What did Cattell and Horn propose about adult intelligence?
What is fluid intelligence often compared to?
What is fluid intelligence often compared to?
What aspect of intelligence does the concept of 'g' refer to?
What aspect of intelligence does the concept of 'g' refer to?
What did Schaie (2013) indicate about assessing individuals longitudinally?
What did Schaie (2013) indicate about assessing individuals longitudinally?
What is one proposed division of intelligence mentioned in the content?
What is one proposed division of intelligence mentioned in the content?
Which of the following factors contributes to individual differences in intelligence according to the content?
Which of the following factors contributes to individual differences in intelligence according to the content?
What distinguishes fluid intelligence from crystallized intelligence?
What distinguishes fluid intelligence from crystallized intelligence?
Which type of intelligence is assessed by multiple choice tests?
Which type of intelligence is assessed by multiple choice tests?
What type of intelligence involves adaptive actions and understanding of everyday problems?
What type of intelligence involves adaptive actions and understanding of everyday problems?
Which of the following statements about IQ in adulthood is true?
Which of the following statements about IQ in adulthood is true?
What is the main characteristic of creative intelligence?
What is the main characteristic of creative intelligence?
What signifies crystallized intelligence in a person?
What signifies crystallized intelligence in a person?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fluid intelligence?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fluid intelligence?
Which aspect of intelligence is highlighted by original thought and appreciation of novelty?
Which aspect of intelligence is highlighted by original thought and appreciation of novelty?
What is primarily indicated by multiple-choice tests and brief essays that require remembered information with only one right answer?
What is primarily indicated by multiple-choice tests and brief essays that require remembered information with only one right answer?
Which aspect of intelligence is characterized by flexibility, innovation, and valuing the unexpected?
Which aspect of intelligence is characterized by flexibility, innovation, and valuing the unexpected?
What term describes intelligence that comes from real-life experiences and is often referred to as 'street smarts'?
What term describes intelligence that comes from real-life experiences and is often referred to as 'street smarts'?
According to Sternberg, which component of successful intelligence is needed to ensure ideas help reach the common good?
According to Sternberg, which component of successful intelligence is needed to ensure ideas help reach the common good?
Which type of intelligence is often least used in adulthood, according to the content?
Which type of intelligence is often least used in adulthood, according to the content?
What type of intelligence is evaluated through tests such as writing a short story or planning an advertising campaign?
What type of intelligence is evaluated through tests such as writing a short story or planning an advertising campaign?
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the types of intelligence according to Sternberg?
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the types of intelligence according to Sternberg?
Which statement best describes the role of practical intelligence in adulthood?
Which statement best describes the role of practical intelligence in adulthood?
Flashcards
Cognitive Reserve
Cognitive Reserve
The brain's ability to adapt and compensate for age-related decline, allowing continued learning and cognitive function.
Postformal Thinking
Postformal Thinking
A more flexible and nuanced approach to problem solving, considering multiple perspectives and integrating emotional with rational thinking.
How does the brain slow down with age?
How does the brain slow down with age?
Neurons fire more slowly, leading to slower reaction times, due to less efficient communication between neurons. This is because messages from the axon of one neuron aren't picked up as quickly by the dendrites of other neurons.
What are the risks to the brain?
What are the risks to the brain?
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Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
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How does poor circulation affect the brain?
How does poor circulation affect the brain?
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
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Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's Disease
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Neural Regeneration
Neural Regeneration
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Dendrite Growth
Dendrite Growth
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Brain Plasticity
Brain Plasticity
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Myelination
Myelination
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Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis
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Brain Growth in Adulthood
Brain Growth in Adulthood
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Brain Slowdown and Shrinkage
Brain Slowdown and Shrinkage
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Cognition Enhancement
Cognition Enhancement
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Fluid Intelligence
Fluid Intelligence
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Crystallized Intelligence
Crystallized Intelligence
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What's the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?
What's the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?
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Analytic Intelligence
Analytic Intelligence
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Creative Intelligence
Creative Intelligence
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Practical Intelligence
Practical Intelligence
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How does IQ change over time?
How does IQ change over time?
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What are Sternberg's Three Forms of Intelligence?
What are Sternberg's Three Forms of Intelligence?
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General Intelligence (g)
General Intelligence (g)
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Spearman's Theory of Intelligence
Spearman's Theory of Intelligence
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IQ Score
IQ Score
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Intelligence is Heritable
Intelligence is Heritable
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Origins of Intelligence
Origins of Intelligence
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Criticisms of Psychometric Approach
Criticisms of Psychometric Approach
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Mitochondrial Function and Intelligence
Mitochondrial Function and Intelligence
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Intelligence Changes Over Time
Intelligence Changes Over Time
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Life-span Perspective of Intelligence
Life-span Perspective of Intelligence
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Multi-directional Intelligence
Multi-directional Intelligence
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Multi-cultural Intelligence
Multi-cultural Intelligence
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Multi-contextual Intelligence
Multi-contextual Intelligence
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Plasticity of Intelligence
Plasticity of Intelligence
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Brain Network Flexibility
Brain Network Flexibility
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Wisdom
Wisdom
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What are the strengths of analytic intelligence?
What are the strengths of analytic intelligence?
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What are the strengths of creative intelligence?
What are the strengths of creative intelligence?
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What are the strengths of practical intelligence?
What are the strengths of practical intelligence?
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How does Lin-Manuel Miranda demonstrate the different types of intelligence?
How does Lin-Manuel Miranda demonstrate the different types of intelligence?
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Study Notes
Development of the Mind
- Brain development follows a pattern of gradual decline after peak strength at around age 25, but cognitive gains are also evident.
- Neuron firing slows, and reaction time increases with age.
- Cognitive reserve, homeostasis, and allostasis protect the brain, promoting new learning in adults.
- Postformal thinking, characterized by comprehensive analysis, is a hallmark of adult experience.
Causes of Brain Loss
- Drug abuse, specifically chronic alcohol abuse, can significantly harm the brain by reducing thiamine.
- Poor circulation, due to hypertension, obesity, or smoking, can impair blood flow to the brain.
- Viruses, including those causing HIV and mad cow disease, can cross the blood-brain barrier and destroy neurons.
- Genetic factors, such as dominant genes for Alzheimer's disease, contribute to brain damage.
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI), from blows to the head or rapid acceleration, can damage the brain, with repeated injuries being especially problematic.
- Clustered conditions, such as alcohol abuse coupled with repeated head trauma, lead to increased risk of irreversible damage.
- The brain possesses the ability to reestablish connections and compensate with other brain areas following damage, but organ reserve might be reduced.
Brain Growth in Adulthood
- Brain shrinkage is a known aspect of aging, yet new neurons form and dendrites grow in adulthood.
- Neurogenesis (formation of neurons) occurs in specific areas, significantly in the hippocampus (memory formation and exploration).
- Exercise increases circulation, connections, and myelination.
- Brain plasticity is a vital aspect of lifelong learning, enabling the brain to restructure itself.
Measuring Intelligence
- General intelligence ("g") is a construct that combines various cognitive abilities (memory, language, perception).
- IQ scores are calculated by assessing various cognitive abilities.
- While genetic factors influence intelligence, other factors like prenatal development and early experiences play critical roles.
- The interplay of emotional, motivational, intuitive, and creative components are not fully captured by traditional measures of intelligence.
Components of Intelligence
- Fluid intelligence: dynamic, adaptable cognitive processes involving solving problems, making inferences, and grasping relationships quickly.
- Crystallized intelligence: accumulated knowledge, facts, information, and expertise.
- Three models of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical intelligence.
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