تفاعل تكوين الروابط الببتيدية ودراسة النيوكليوتيدات

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Questions and Answers

What type of reaction forms a peptide bond?

Hydrolysis

Ionic bonding

Condensation reaction (correct)

What are the components of a nucleotide?

A sugar, an amino acid, and a nitrogenous base

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (correct)

A sugar, a lipid, and a nitrogenous base

A sugar, a sulfate group, and a pyrimidine

Match the nitrogenous bases to their group:

Adenine and Guanine = Purine Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil = Pyrimidine

What is more stable?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

What two functional groups most commonly make up carbohydrates?

Hydroxyl Signup and view all the answers

What does glucose most commonly exist as?

Cyclic Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic functions that carbohydrates perform in organisms is to serve as a ______ for more complex molecules.

building block Signup and view all the answers

Individual monosaccharides primarily differ in the number of carbons and ____.

Orientation of hydroxyl groups Signup and view all the answers

This model shows that there is more than one kind of nitrogenous base.

True Signup and view all the answers

The 3' and 5' carbon labels are in the correct locations in the model.

True Signup and view all the answers

This model shows that there is more than one kind of sugar.

False Signup and view all the answers

This model shows six nucleotides bonded together.

False Signup and view all the answers

This model shows that phosphate groups bond to sugars.

True Signup and view all the answers

This model shows that phosphate groups bond to nitrogenous bases.

False Signup and view all the answers

This model represents two nucleic acids bonded together.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of change occurs to a nucleotide when it is activated?

The potential energy of the molecule increases Signup and view all the answers

If ADP (two phosphates) were hydrolyzed to AMP, how would you expect this reaction to compare with the hydrolysis of ATP to AMP?

The amount of potential energy in AMP would be lower. Signup and view all the answers

Energy in the form of heat is released.

True Signup and view all the answers

The amount of entropy decreases when products are formed.

False Signup and view all the answers

The reaction occurs when weak bonds are broken and stronger bonds are formed.

True Signup and view all the answers

There is a drop in potential energy when the reactants are converted into products.

True Signup and view all the answers

ATP is always one of the reactants.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes nucleic acid synthesis?

Polymerization of nucleic acids occurs by the formation of phosphodiester bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil (A, C, G, U) Signup and view all the answers

Single strands of nucleic acids are directional, meaning that there are two different ends. What functional groups define the two different ends of a strand?

a free phosphate group on the 5' carbon and a free hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of a nucleotide?

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base Signup and view all the answers

The condensation reaction that forms nucleic acid polymers occurs between a group on one nucleotide and a _____ group on a second nucleotide.

hydroxyl Signup and view all the answers

Evaluate the possibility of hydrogen bonding between the nucleotides G-T and A-C. Explain why these pairs of bases are not complementary.

In the A-C pair, only one hydrogen bond could form - between the carbonyl group of cytosine and the C-H in adenine. Signup and view all the answers

If nucleotides from the DNA of a human were quantified and 30 percent of them contained the base adenine, what percentage of them would contain the base guanine?

40 percent Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes