Textiles: Weaves and Textures

Study Notes

Woven textures: determined by the type of fiber, yarn twist, and weave density
Fabric texture: influenced by the type of weave, yarn size, and fiber properties
Surface texture: affected by the type of fiber, weave, and finishing treatments

** Plain weave**: simplest weave, each warp yarn passes over one pick-up yarn
Twill weave: diagonal pattern, each warp yarn passes over two or more pick-up yarns
Satin weave: smooth, glossy surface, warp yarns cross over multiple pick-up yarns
Jacquard weave: complex patterns, individual warp yarns can be controlled

Natural fibers:
- Cotton: soft, breathable, absorbent
- Wool: warm, insulating, resistant to wrinkles
- Silk: luxurious, smooth, lustrous
Synthetic fibers:
- Polyester: durable, easy to care for, resistant to wrinkles
- Nylon: strong, resistant to abrasion, quick-drying
- Acrylic: soft, warm, lightweight

Definition: woven artwork, often narrative or decorative
Techniques:
- Weft-faced weaving: weft yarns visible on the front of the tapestry
- Warp-faced weaving: warp yarns visible on the front of the tapestry
Characteristics:
- High-warp counting: dense, intricate designs
- Low-warp counting: loose, expressive designs

Woven textures are determined by three factors: type of fiber, yarn twist, and weave density.
Fabric texture is influenced by the type of weave, yarn size, and fiber properties.
Surface texture is affected by the type of fiber, weave, and finishing treatments.

Plain weave is the simplest weave, where each warp yarn passes over one pick-up yarn.
Twill weave has a diagonal pattern, where each warp yarn passes over two or more pick-up yarns.
Satin weave has a smooth, glossy surface, where warp yarns cross over multiple pick-up yarns.
Jacquard weave allows for complex patterns, where individual warp yarns can be controlled.

Natural fibers include cotton, wool, and silk, each with unique properties.
Cotton is soft, breathable, and absorbent.
Wool is warm, insulating, and resistant to wrinkles.
Silk is luxurious, smooth, and lustrous.
Synthetic fibers include polyester, nylon, and acrylic, each with unique properties.
Polyester is durable, easy to care for, and resistant to wrinkles.
Nylon is strong, resistant to abrasion, and quick-drying.
Acrylic is soft, warm, and lightweight.

Handloom is a manual, traditional loom that allows for unique designs and patterns.
Mechanical loom is an automated loom that enables faster production and higher volume.
Jacquard loom is a computer-controlled loom that allows for complex patterns and designs.
Rigid heddle loom is a versatile, portable loom suitable for beginners.

Tapestry is a woven artwork that can be narrative or decorative.
Weft-faced weaving is a technique where weft yarns are visible on the front of the tapestry.
Warp-faced weaving is a technique where warp yarns are visible on the front of the tapestry.
High-warp counting is a characteristic of tapestry that features dense, intricate designs.
Low-warp counting is a characteristic of tapestry that features loose, expressive designs.