Text Linguistics Overview 04

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

According to de Beaugrande and Dressler, which standard of textuality refers to the communicative goals a writer or speaker wants to achieve?

  • Cohesion
  • Informativity
  • Intentionality (correct)
  • Coherence

Which standard of textuality relates to the degree to which the content of a text is novel for the receiver?

  • Cohesion
  • Coherence
  • Informativity (correct)
  • Situationality

The standard of textuality that involves the grammatical and semantic connection of the text's surface structure is known as:

  • Coherence
  • Intentionality
  • Cohesion (correct)
  • Intertextuality

Which of the standards of textuality focuses on the functional connections between the content of a text and its underlying structure?

<p>Coherence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What standard of textuality focuses on the relevance of a text within a specific context?

<p>Situationality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of thematic progression?

<p>To create a smoother reading experience and enhance comprehension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of thematic progression as defined by Daneš?

<p>Parallel Progression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a factor in determining the theme of a sentence?

<p>The reader's prior knowledge on the subject (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the theme and the rheme of a sentence?

<p>The theme is known information and the rheme is new information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the relationship between the theme and the rheme?

<p>The rheme is an explanation of the theme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent a theme or rheme analysis of the content?

<p>The theme could be &quot;choking incidents&quot; and the rheme could be &quot;common causes and risks.&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The content refers to lexical fields, which consist of words belonging to the same word class. Which of these pairs represent lexical fields from the content?

<p>Mouths and objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the concept of "theme and rheme" while analyzing the content?

<p>To identify the key concepts being discussed in the text. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the examples given in the content, which of the following would be considered a lexical set?

<p>Evening meal, time, day and night. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common choking hazard for children, according to the content?

<p>Popcorn. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence in the text best illustrates the use of parallelism?

<p>Your dinner companion can't breathe, can't talk, and is turning blue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between coherence and cohesion?

<p>Coherence is concerned with the overall structure and flow of a text, while cohesion is about using linguistic devices to connect sentences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'exophoric reference' in coherence?

<p>It contributes to the overall meaning-making process of a text by referring to external information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between 'exophoric reference' and 'endophoric reference'?

<p>Exophoric reference is about continuity of meaning within a text, while endophoric reference is about building intersentential semantic relations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the role of cohesive devices in establishing coherence?

<p>They are used to create a smooth and logical flow of ideas within a text, contributing to overall meaning and understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'Weisser's Sentence Scrambler' as described in the content?

<p>To demonstrate the importance of cohesive devices in making a text comprehensible. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between explicit and implicit structures in creating coherence?

<p>Explicit structures are visible markers, such as headings and chapters, while implicit structures are created through cohesion devices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, how does the text relate to ‘acceptability’?

<p>The text outlines how different levels of coherence and cohesion can affect the user's 'acceptability' of a text. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples best illustrates how a lack of cohesion can affect coherence?

<p>A text with sentences that are loosely connected and do not flow logically together. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cohesion

Linguistic fit of text's surface structure for grammar and meaning.

Coherence

Functional connection among the content of a text.

Intentionality

Communicative goals of the writer or speaker in a text.

Informativity

Newness of the content in the text to the recipient.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Situationality

Relevance of a text within a specific context.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Choking Risk Factors

Factors that increase the likelihood of a choking incident.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Alcohol and Reflexes

Drinking alcohol can slow reflexes, increasing choking risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Distractions During Eating

Eating can be hindered by conversations or entertainment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Solid Meats Culprits

Solid foods like steak are commonly associated with choking.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Children and Choking

Children are also at risk for choking, often on different objects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Common Choking Foods

Foods most commonly causing choking include hot dogs, grapes, peanuts, and hard candy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Signs of Choking

Signs include inability to breathe, talk, or a blue appearance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Choking Presentation

A typical presentation of a choking incident often involves gasping and clutching the throat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Acceptability

The expectation for connectedness and relevance in a text.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Exophoric reference

A reference outside the text to create meaning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Endophoric reference

A reference within the text that creates meaning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Thematic progression

The meaningful development of themes throughout a text.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cohesive devices

Tools or phrases that connect ideas and sentences in a text.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Structure in writing

The order and format used to organize text, such as chapters and headings.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Choking

A situation where a person can't breathe due to obstruction in their airway, often caused by food.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Alcohol and choking risk

Consumption of alcohol may slow reflexes, increasing choking risk during meals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Adult choking scenarios

Choking in adults most often occurs during evening meals, typically in social settings like restaurants or parties.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Repetition in communication

Reiterating important information helps reinforce understanding and retention, such as recognizing choking signs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Victim distraction

Victims may be distracted by conversation or entertainment while eating.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Adult choking risks

Adults commonly choke on solid meats, particularly during social meals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lexical fields

Groups of words that share the same category or word class, facilitating understanding.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lexical sets

Collections of words that may not share the same class but are connected conceptually.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Theme and rheme

The theme is what is being discussed, while rheme explains or provides more detail about it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Choking in children

Children are prone to choking on a variety of objects and foods, especially small ones.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Time references

Terms indicating when an event takes place, like 'evening meal' or 'day and night.'

Signup and view all the flashcards

Theme

The information considered taken for granted by the writer/speaker.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rheme

The new information that is not assumed to be known.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Simple linear progression

A rheme from one sentence becomes the theme of the next.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Constant theme progression

Several sentences share the same theme, introducing different rhemes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Derived themes

Themes taken from a broader hypertheme.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Situational context

Information clear from the surrounding situation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

World knowledge

Information assumed to be universally known.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Text Linguistics Introduction

  • Text linguistics examines larger units of speech, beyond the sentence level
  • It analyzes how different parts of a text fit together, and how arguments or explanations are built
  • This includes examining both written and spoken language, including speeches, sermons, dialogues, etc.

Maxims of Conversation

  • Guidelines for effective communication were proposed by Paul Grice.
  • Maxims include:
    • Quality: Be truthful and accurate
    • Quantity: Provide appropriate information
    • Relation: Stick to the topic
    • Manner: Be clear and organized
  • These maxims enhance cooperation and reduce misunderstandings

Politeness Principle (Leech 1983)

  • Minimizes the expression of impolite beliefs
  • Maximizes the expression of polite beliefs
  • Includes maxims such as tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy

Text and Text Linguistics

  • A text is any written or spoken passage with a unified whole.
  • Its coherent structure involves both internal coherence (linking devices) and coherence within the context of the situation
  • Text relies on both textual glue and understanding within its context
  • The study of text excludes visuals, and is typically lengthy

Coherence and Cohesion

  • Coherence is a cognitive process of interpreting a text at a semantic and pragmatic level, depending on the reader or listener's understanding
  • Cohesion refers to semantic links at a formal level (linguistic), which are independent of the user

Achieving Coherence

  • Texts need order and structure (e.g. explicit structures like chapters, headlines, subheadings).
  • Cohesive devices connect segments of a text (e.g. grammatical cohesion through conjunctions and synonymy).
  • Thematic progression is how ideas are developed logically, and the reader is guided from beginning to end

Thematic Progression

  • Themes and rhemes are communicative components of statements.
  • The theme is the topic being discussed, while the rheme is what is said about the theme
  • There are five types of thematic progression:
    • Simple linear progression
    • Progression with a constant theme
    • Progression with derived themes
    • Development of a split rheme
    • Progression with a thematic leap

Keywords

  • Key terms relevant to text linguistics include; acceptability, coherence, cohesion, endophoric reference, exophoric reference, grammatical cohesion, informativity, intentionality, intertextuality, lexical cohesion, rheme, situationality, text linguistics, textuality, and thematic progression.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Text Linguistics PDF

More Like This

Text Interpretation Quiz
4 questions
Interpreting Garbled Text
3 questions
Deciphering Text Language Quiz
3 questions
Text Processing Techniques
12 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser