Text Information and Media

Media and Information Literacy (4th Quarter)

• Includes text, visual, audio, and motion information and media, legal and ethical media.

Text Information and Media

• Flexible way of presenting information.
• Text information is communicated through signs, books, smartphones, computers, and menus.
• Can be hypertext with links, plain/unformatted, or formatted with fonts and colors.
• Fonts installed on computers usually come in TTF, OTF, or EOT file formats.
• Fonts can express emotion.
• A typeface (font) visually represents text styles.
• Serif typefaces connote formality and readability. Examples include Times New Roman and Garamond.
• San Serif typefaces give a clean, minimalist look to text and are used in webpage design. Examples include Arial and Helvetica.
• Slab Serif typefaces carry a solid, heavy look and are used for billboards. Examples: Rockwell, Blackoak.
• Script typefaces draw attention and are used sparingly, like on wedding invitations. Examples: Edwardian, Vladimir.
• Decorative typefaces evoke emotions and themes like horror using fonts such as Chiller or Jokerman.
• Design principles and elements are fundamental ideas about visual design.
• Emphasis is the importance or value given to part of text-based content.
• Appropriateness is how suitable the text is for the audience, purpose, etc.
• Proximity is the distance of text elements from each other.
• Organization is the conscious effort to organize different text elements.
• Repetition ensures consistency of elements and unity of design.
• Contrast creates visual interest.

Visual Information and Media

• Includes symbols, pictures, icons, to communicate.
• Ideograms are symbols representing ideas, such as logos
• Statistical visualization studies data using charts and graphs.
• Pictures express ideas and opinions through photography, drawing, etc.
• Graphic design combines text and pictures, like infographics and posters.
• Videos combine motion and picture or motion, picture, and audio.
• 3D images are three-dimensional visual mediums.
• Visual information gains attention, creates meaning, and facilitates retention.
• Lines have length, width, and weight and can be dotted or solid.
• Shapes are two-dimensional areas defined by line, color, or texture.
• Value is the degree of light and dark in a design.
• Texture is a surface's feel.
• Color adds interest using the color wheel.
• Form refers to the illusion of volume and thickness in 3D objects.
• Consistency requires similar margins, typeface, and colors within documents.
• The center of interest is the area that first attracts attention in a composition.
• Balance is the feeling of visual equality in a composition with shapes and forms.
• Harmony brings together compositions with similar units.
• Contrast offers some change in value, creating dissonance.
• Directional movement is the visual flow in a composition suggesting motion.
• Rhythm is movement in which some elements recur regularly.
• Perspective uses arrangements of objects in 2D to simulate real life.
• Limit colors in use of visual content to no more than 5.
• Use fonts appropriate for the communication style.
• A layout should guide the reader using a logical hierarchy.
• Keep significant negative space, or the message becomes incoherent.
• Illustrations should match the tone, subject, and enhance the content.

Audio Information and Media

• Considered sounds that are recorded, transmitted, or reproduced.
• Includes sound effects, music, songs, newscasts, and sound recordings.
• Audio media delivers information through sound.
• Radio broadcasts are live or recorded audio.
• Music combines vocal or instrumental sounds.
• Sound recordings can be recordings of interviews or meetings.
• Sound clips/effects are artificially reproduced sounds.
• Audio podcasts are digital audio files downloaded from a website.
• Public service announcements are free messages aims to raise awareness.
• Radio dramas are similar to TV soap operas but acoustic.
• Radio commercials are paid advertisements.
• Audio can be stored on tape, compact discs, flash drives, memory cards, and hard drives.
• Audio can also be saved on internet cloud storage.
• MP3/MPEG Audio Layer 3 is a standard of digital audio compression.
• M4A/AAC Advanced Audio Coding sounds better than MP3 at similar bit rates.
• WAV (Waveform Audio File) files store audio bitstreams and is a standard game sound format.
• WMA (Windows Media Audio) files have audio data compression.
• Volume is the intensity of the sound.
• Tone is the audible characteristic of sound.
• Pitch is how high or low the sound is.
• Loudness is how people perceive sound.
• The purpose of sound give instructions or information, provide feedback.
• Dialogue is speeches, conversation, or voice-over.
• Sound effects are any sound other than music or dialogue.
• Vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) create music.
• Mixing combines and balances multiple sound elements.
• Stereo Imaging uses left and right channels for depth.
• Pace uses time control, editing, and order.
• Transition is how one element changes to another.
• Hearing is involuntarily perceiving sounds.
• Listening requires concentration.
• Hearing is when sound enters the eardrums and travels to the brain.
• Attending occurs when brain receives sound and chooses what to listen to.
• Understanding means making sense of listened sound.
• Remembering means storing the sound.

Motion Information and Media

• Form of media that shows appearance of moving text and graphics.
• Purpose is to use moving images communicate information in various ways.
• Motion media is visual media that gives an appearance of movement.
• Codecs compress and decompress video files.
• 3GP saves on disk space.
• MPG is an extension for MPEG animation.
• MP4 Designed to store audio visual data.
• A pixel is the basic unit of programmable color on a display screen.
• Video resolution is the number of pixels on a display monitor, clearness of video.
• Film and documentaries are types of motion media.
• A Short film is a motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits.
• Animation is the process of designing layouts of photographic sequences in multimedia and games.
• Interactive video blends interaction and linear film or video.
• Motion pictures on television are telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images.
• A commercial advertisement conveys a message aimed to market a product or service.
• Philippine melodramas are melodramatic serialized fiction on Philippine television.
• Reality shows are how ordinary people behave in everyday life, made to represent everyday life.
• Game shows are shows where people compete to win prizes.
• Talk shows informally discuss various topics.
• Speed in motion media can be vigorous and vital.
• Direction indicates movements.
• Timing is objective or subjective.
• Transitions are switches from scene to scene.
• Sound and color can add meaning to motion.
• Blurring in animation provides the illusion of fast movement.