Text Analysis Medicine Experiment
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'bench medicine' refer to?

  • The study of health and disease
  • Clinical research and medical science (correct)
  • Applied medical science
  • The study of teeth in horses
  • What is the focus of philosophy of medicine?

  • The application of medical knowledge
  • The nature and acquisition of knowledge through research (correct)
  • The study of teeth in horses
  • The geography of the Middle East
  • What region is described in Note 1?

  • The region around the Zagros mountains
  • The Middle East, bounded by the Mediterranean, Taurus, Zagros, and Arabian desert (correct)
  • The region around the Arabian desert
  • The region around the Mediterranean Sea
  • What is the origin of the parable about the dispute over the number of teeth in a horse's mouth?

    <p>The parable is attributed to Francis Bacon, but this attribution is widely held to be spurious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the parable about the dispute over the number of teeth in a horse's mouth illustrate?

    <p>The futility of arguing over trivial details without evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main point of the passage?

    <p>To provide an overview of the philosophy of medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main cause of the scurvy that the patients were suffering from?

    <p>Lack of vitamin C in their diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main treatment prescribed by the hospital surgeon?

    <p>Garlic, mustard-seed, rad.raphan., balsam of Peru, and gum myrrh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many days did the patients continue under the initial course of treatment?

    <p>6 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the patients taking the oranges and lemons?

    <p>One of the patients became fit for duty within six days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the barley water that was acidulated with tamarinds?

    <p>To act as a laxative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what does the term 'normal' potentially refer to?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is used as an example to argue that 'normal' does not necessarily mean 'expected'?

    <p>Both cystic fibrosis and cleft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 'normal' is defined as a statistical norm or average, what issue does the passage highlight?

    <p>Most people would be considered abnormal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, how might the definition of 'normal' be broadened to include more people?

    <p>By considering anyone within one standard deviation of the mean as normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage imply about defining 'normal' in terms of deviations from a healthy state?

    <p>It is a flawed approach because it begs the question of what 'normal' means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall message of the passage regarding the definition of 'normal'?

    <p>The definition of 'normal' is complex and has multiple interpretations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what percentage of the population does the range encompass in a large population?

    <p>68%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary impact of smallpox on those who survived the disease?

    <p>They were left disfigured and often disabled, with loss of vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest is problematic about setting the range of 'normal' at one standard deviation above and below the mean?

    <p>It is arbitrary and subjective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what was the primary reason that smallpox was so devastating to the human species?

    <p>Smallpox killed more people than the Black Death and all the bloody wars of the twentieth century put together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main issue the passage raises with using a statistical 'norm' to set upper and lower boundaries for physiological characteristics?

    <p>It is not based on actual disease outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's main purpose in including the quote from Jennifer Lee Carrell's book?

    <p>To illustrate the horrors of smallpox and how lucky we are to live in a world without it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is the key issue with designating about 32% of the population as 'abnormal' for any specific characteristic?

    <p>It is too high a percentage to be considered normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author mean by the "foregoing philosophical matters" that arise in the history of medicine?

    <p>The ethical and moral considerations that emerge in the development of medical treatments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the role of variability in evolutionary biology?

    <p>Variability is essential for evolutionary dynamics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, when did smallpox arrive in Rome?

    <p>Around 165 CE, presumably from Asia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about how the statistical mean for a characteristic might change over time and between environments?

    <p>The statistical mean will differ between environments and change over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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