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Questions and Answers
What was the significance of Juneteenth in Texas?
What was the significance of Juneteenth in Texas?
Which aspect characterized Andrew Johnson's approach to Reconstruction?
Which aspect characterized Andrew Johnson's approach to Reconstruction?
What was one of the main outcomes of the Red River Campaign?
What was one of the main outcomes of the Red River Campaign?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Thirteenth Amendment?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Thirteenth Amendment?
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What was one of the primary roles of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands?
What was one of the primary roles of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands?
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Which phase of Reconstruction was characterized by military control over the Southern states?
Which phase of Reconstruction was characterized by military control over the Southern states?
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How many former slaves were approximately present in Texas during the Reconstruction Era?
How many former slaves were approximately present in Texas during the Reconstruction Era?
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What was the primary objective of Philip Sheridan’s July 1865 order?
What was the primary objective of Philip Sheridan’s July 1865 order?
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What was the primary aim of the Fifteenth Amendment?
What was the primary aim of the Fifteenth Amendment?
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How did the role of Buffalo Soldiers contribute to the American West?
How did the role of Buffalo Soldiers contribute to the American West?
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What characterized the economic changes in Texas during the Progressive Era?
What characterized the economic changes in Texas during the Progressive Era?
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What was a major consequence of the discovery of oil at Spindletop in 1901?
What was a major consequence of the discovery of oil at Spindletop in 1901?
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What challenge did Tejanos and German Texans face during their contributions to Texas culture?
What challenge did Tejanos and German Texans face during their contributions to Texas culture?
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What were the main issues addressed in the elections of 1924 and 1932 in Texas?
What were the main issues addressed in the elections of 1924 and 1932 in Texas?
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What unique political milestone did Miriam “Ma” Ferguson achieve in Texas?
What unique political milestone did Miriam “Ma” Ferguson achieve in Texas?
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What was the impact of the 1900 hurricane on Galveston?
What was the impact of the 1900 hurricane on Galveston?
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What was the ideological view represented by “The Lost Cause”?
What was the ideological view represented by “The Lost Cause”?
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Which group faced significant challenges during the Progressive Era despite their advocacy efforts?
Which group faced significant challenges during the Progressive Era despite their advocacy efforts?
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What was the main economic impact of the growth of the cattle industry in post-Civil War Texas?
What was the main economic impact of the growth of the cattle industry in post-Civil War Texas?
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Which aspect was NOT a factor contributing to urban growth in Texas during the 1930s?
Which aspect was NOT a factor contributing to urban growth in Texas during the 1930s?
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What characterized the ideology of 'The Lost Cause' in the post-Civil War Southern identity?
What characterized the ideology of 'The Lost Cause' in the post-Civil War Southern identity?
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Which major event led to significant changes in disaster preparedness in Texas?
Which major event led to significant changes in disaster preparedness in Texas?
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What significant societal role did women in Texas take during World War I?
What significant societal role did women in Texas take during World War I?
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What was one of the main themes advocated by the Populist leaders like James Hogg in Texas?
What was one of the main themes advocated by the Populist leaders like James Hogg in Texas?
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What was one significant impact of the discovery of oil at Corsicana in 1894?
What was one significant impact of the discovery of oil at Corsicana in 1894?
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What was one challenge that Buffalo Soldiers faced during their service on the Western frontier?
What was one challenge that Buffalo Soldiers faced during their service on the Western frontier?
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Which of the following best describes the contributions of Tejanos and German Texans in Texas?
Which of the following best describes the contributions of Tejanos and German Texans in Texas?
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Which political figure was impeached and later had a controversial legacy in Texas politics?
Which political figure was impeached and later had a controversial legacy in Texas politics?
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What was the primary focus of the Reconstruction Acts of 1867?
What was the primary focus of the Reconstruction Acts of 1867?
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How did Andrew Johnson's policies during Presidential Reconstruction impact former Confederates?
How did Andrew Johnson's policies during Presidential Reconstruction impact former Confederates?
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Which of the following was a consequence of the Union's defeat in the Red River Campaign?
Which of the following was a consequence of the Union's defeat in the Red River Campaign?
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What significant role did Gordon Granger play in Texas during Reconstruction?
What significant role did Gordon Granger play in Texas during Reconstruction?
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What was the approximate number of former slaves in Texas during the Reconstruction Era?
What was the approximate number of former slaves in Texas during the Reconstruction Era?
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Which governor of Texas opposed Radical Reconstruction policies?
Which governor of Texas opposed Radical Reconstruction policies?
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What was one major function of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands?
What was one major function of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands?
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What was the primary legal impact of the Fourteenth Amendment?
What was the primary legal impact of the Fourteenth Amendment?
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Study Notes
Civil War in Texas
- Texas joined the Confederacy after seceding from the Union in 1861.
- Key battles included the Battle of Galveston and the Battle of Sabine Pass.
- General John B. Magruder was a notable Confederate leader.
Red River Campaign
- The Union attempted to invade Texas from Louisiana.
- The Confederate forces ultimately won, preventing Union control of Texas.
Reconstruction in Texas
- Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867) and Congressional Reconstruction (1867-1870) were the two phases of Reconstruction in Texas.
- Policies during Reconstruction included re-admittance to the Union, a new state constitution, and civil rights for freed slaves.
Gordon Granger
- Union General Gordon Granger announced the end of slavery in Texas on June 19, 1865, which is now celebrated as Juneteenth.
Philip Sheridan’s July 1865 Order
- Military orders were issued to enforce Reconstruction policies.
- These orders strengthened federal control over Texas.
Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction
- President Andrew Johnson implemented a lenient approach towards the South, including the Amnesty Proclamation.
- Many former Confederates regained power during this period.
Congressional Reconstruction
- The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divided the South into military districts.
- More stringent requirements were reinstated for re-admittance to the Union.
Andrew Jackson Hamilton and James W. Throckmorton
- Andrew Jackson Hamilton served as the provisional governor and supported Union policies.
- James W. Throckmorton became governor and opposed Radical Reconstruction.
Number of Former Slaves in Texas During Reconstruction Era
- Approximately 250,000 former slaves lived in Texas during the Reconstruction Era.
- Freed slaves faced challenges such as transitioning to freedom, economic hardship, and racial violence.
Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands
- The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (Freedmen's Bureau) provided assistance to freed slaves in areas like education, employment, and legal matters.
- William G. Kirkman led the Freedmen's Bureau efforts in Texas.
Thirteenth Amendment
- The Thirteenth Amendment formally abolished slavery in the United States.
- It granted legal freedom to all enslaved people.
Fourteenth Amendment
- The Fourteenth Amendment established citizenship and guaranteed equal protection under the law to all Americans.
- This amendment had significant implications for civil rights and Reconstruction policies.
Fifteenth Amendment
- The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited voting discrimination based on race.
- Its goal was to protect the voting rights of African Americans.
“Buffalo Soldiers”
- African American soldiers who served on the Western frontier were known as “Buffalo Soldiers.”
- Their contributions included protecting settlers and building infrastructure.
Defending Against Comanche Raids
- Texas faced challenges in defending against Comanche raids due to a lack of resources and organized defense.
- These raids caused continued conflict and settlement disruption.
Post-Civil War Cattle Industry
- Cattle ranching and cattle drives to northern markets experienced a boom in the post-Civil War era.
- The development of this industry brought economic growth to Texas.
Populism in Texas
- Populism gained prominence in Texas with leaders like James Hogg.
- Populist movements advocating for farmers' rights and economic reforms emerged.
- "The Cleburne Demands" represented a populist platform that called for economic and political reforms.
Economic Changes in Texas in the Progressive Era
- Texas experienced industrialization, urbanization, and social reforms during the Progressive Era.
- These changes led to improved infrastructure and public services.
“The Lost Cause”
- The "Lost Cause" was an ideology that romanticized the Confederacy.
- This ideology shaped Southern identity and historical memory.
The Oil Industry in Texas
- The discovery of oil at Corsicana (1894) and Spindletop (1901) revolutionized the Texas economy and society.
- These discoveries marked key milestones in the development of the oil industry in Texas.
Urban Growth in Texas (1930)
- Industrialization, migration, and economic opportunities fueled rapid urban growth in Texas in the 1930s.
- Cities like Houston and Dallas experienced significant expansion.
1900 Hurricane
- The devastating 1900 hurricane struck Galveston, resulting in substantial loss of life and property.
- The disaster led to improvements in disaster preparedness and infrastructure.
Women and Blacks During the Progressive Era
- Women and African Americans played crucial roles in advocating for civil rights and suffrage during the Progressive Era.
- Notable figures like Minnie Fisher Cunningham and Norris Wright Cuney made significant contributions to these movements.
Tejanos and German Texans
- Tejanos and German Texans contributed significantly to Texas' culture and economy.
- They faced challenges such as discrimination and pressure to assimilate.
James Ferguson and Miriam “Ma” Ferguson
- James Ferguson was impeached as governor, while Miriam "Ma" Ferguson became the first female governor of Texas.
- Their political careers involved controversial policies and leadership.
Woodrow Wilson, Sam Rayburn, and Morris Sheppard
- Woodrow Wilson, Sam Rayburn, and Morris Sheppard were influential figures in national politics and Texas development.
World War I
- Texans made significant contributions to the war effort during World War I.
- The war led to economic and social changes in Texas.
Lifestyle of Leisure
- Social changes included increased leisure activities and a growing consumer culture.
Texas Women During World War I
- Texas women actively participated in the workforce and volunteer efforts during World War I.
- They supported the war effort and the suffrage movement.
“The New Woman”
- "The New Woman" concept represented modern, independent women who challenged traditional gender roles.
- This concept brought about social and cultural shifts in Texas.
“Ma” Ferguson
- Miriam "Ma" Ferguson became the first female governor of Texas, signifying women's political progress.
Election of 1924 and 1932
- Key issues during the elections of 1924 and 1932 included economic policies, Prohibition, and the Great Depression.
- The outcomes of these elections shaped both Texas and national politics.
Civil War in Texas
- Texas seceded from the Union in 1861 and joined the Confederacy
- Key battles included the Battle of Galveston and the Battle of Sabine Pass
- Notable leaders like General John B. Magruder
Red River Campaign
- Objective was for the Union to invade Texas via Louisiana
- Confederate victory, preventing Union control of Texas
Reconstruction in Texas
- Two phases: Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867) and Congressional Reconstruction (1867-1870)
- Policies included re-admittance to the Union, a new state constitution, and civil rights for freed slaves
Gordon Granger
- Union General who announced the end of slavery in Texas on June 19, 1865 (Juneteenth)
Philip Sheridan’s July 1865 Order
- Military orders to enforce Reconstruction policies
- Strengthened federal control over Texas
Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction
- His policies featured a lenient approach towards the South, including the Amnesty Proclamation
- This allowed many former Confederates to regain power
Congressional Reconstruction
- Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divided the South into military districts
- More stringent requirements for re-admittance to the Union
Andrew Jackson Hamilton and James W. Throckmorton
- Hamilton: Provisional governor who supported Union policies
- Throckmorton: Governor who opposed Radical Reconstruction
Number of Former Slaves in Texas During Reconstruction Era
- Approximately 250,000 former slaves
- Challenges: transition to freedom, economic hardship, and racial violence
Thirteenth Amendment
- Abolished slavery in the United States
- Legal freedom for all enslaved people
Fourteenth Amendment
- Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law
- Significant for civil rights and Reconstruction policies
Fifteenth Amendment
- Prohibited voting discrimination based on race
- Aimed to protect African American voting rights
"Buffalo Soldiers"
- African American soldiers who served on the Western frontier
- Helped protect settlers and build infrastructure
Defending Against Comanche Raids
- Lack of resources and organized defense made this a challenge
- Continued conflict and settlement disruption
Post-Civil War Cattle Industry
- Growth of cattle ranching and drives to northern markets
- Economic boom for Texas
Populism in Texas
- Leaders like James Hogg
- Advocated for farmers' rights and economic reforms
- "The Cleburne Demands" was their platform, calling for economic and political reforms
Economic Changes in Texas in the Progressive Era
- Industrialization, urbanization, and social reforms
- Improved infrastructure and public services
"The Lost Cause"
- Romanticized view of the Confederacy
- Shaped Southern identity and historical memory
The Oil Industry in Texas
- Key Events: Discovery of oil at Corsicana (1894) and Spindletop (1901)
- Transformed Texas economy and society
Urban Growth in Texas (1930)
- Factors: Industrialization, migration, and economic opportunities
- Rapid expansion of cities like Houston and Dallas
1900 Hurricane
- Devastated Galveston, leading to significant loss of life and property
- Response: Improved disaster preparedness and infrastructure
Women and Blacks During the Progressive Era
- Advocacy for civil rights and suffrage
- Leaders like Minnie Fisher Cunningham and Norris Wright Cuney
Tejanos and German Texans
- Cultural and economic influence in Texas
- Faced discrimination and cultural assimilation pressures
James Ferguson and Miriam "Ma" Ferguson
- James was impeached; Miriam became the first female governor of Texas
- Controversial policies and leadership
Woodrow Wilson, Sam Rayburn, and Morris Sheppard
- Influential in national politics and Texas development
World War I
- Texans made significant contributions to the war effort
- Economic and social changes in Texas
Lifestyle of Leisure
- Increased leisure activities and consumer culture
Texas Women During World War I
- Participation in the workforce and volunteer efforts
- Support for the war effort and the suffrage movement
“The New Woman”
- Modern, independent women challenging traditional roles
- Social and cultural shifts in Texas
“Ma” Ferguson
- First female governor of Texas
- Symbol of women's political progress
Election of 1924 and 1932
- Key Issues: Economic policies, Prohibition, and the Great Depression
- Shaped Texas and national politics
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Description
Explore Texas's role in the Civil War, including its secession, major battles, and key figures. Learn about the Reconstruction era, its phases, and the impact it had on civil rights in Texas. This quiz covers significant events and leaders shaping Texas's history during and after the war.
