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Questions and Answers
Respiratory failure occurs when the respiratory system fails to maintain adequate oxygen and/or carbon dioxide exchange between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
True
A PaO2 less than 50 mm Hg is the ABG criteria for respiratory failure.
False
Hypercapnic respiratory failure occurs when the primary problem is inadequate oxygenation exchange between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillary system.
False
There are six major anatomic alterations of the lungs that can lead to respiratory failure.
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Patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure may have restrictive pulmonary disorders, pneumonia, lung abscess, interstitial lung diseases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders, neoplastic disease, or newborn and early childhood respiratory disorders.
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Respiratory therapists are not required to be proficient in recognizing, assessing, and managing respiratory failure.
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The interrelationship between the anatomic alterations of the lungs, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and clinical manifestations are collectively referred to as clinical scenarios.
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Study Notes
Understanding Respiratory Failure
- Respiratory failure occurs when the respiratory system fails to maintain adequate oxygen and/or carbon dioxide exchange between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
- Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) less than 60 mm Hg, or arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) greater than 50 mm Hg, or a mixture of both are the ABG criteria for respiratory failure.
- Virtually every respiratory disorder presented in the textbook can result in respiratory failure due to one or more abnormal anatomic alterations of the lung.
- There are six major anatomic alterations of the lungs that can lead to respiratory failure: atelectasis, alveolar consolidation, increased alveolar-capillary membrane thickness, bronchospasm, excessive bronchial secretions, and distal airway and alveolar weakening.
- Respiratory failure is commonly classified as hypoxemic (type I) respiratory failure, hypercapnic (type II) respiratory failure, or a combination of both.
- Hypoxemic (type I) respiratory failure occurs when the primary problem is inadequate oxygenation exchange between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillary system, resulting in a decreased PaO2.
- Hypercapnic (type II) respiratory failure occurs when the primary problem is alveolar hypoventilation, resulting in an increased PaCO2 and, without supplemental oxygen, a decreased PaO2.
- Hypercapnic respiratory failure is commonly called ventilatory failure and is further classified as acute or chronic based on PaCO2 and pH values.
- Patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure typically demonstrate hypoxemia, a low PaO2, and a normal or low PaCO2 value.
- Patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure may have restrictive pulmonary disorders, pneumonia, lung abscess, interstitial lung diseases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders, neoplastic disease, or newborn and early childhood respiratory disorders.
- Respiratory therapists must be proficient in recognizing, assessing, and managing respiratory failure, which is a life-threatening clinical condition.
- The interrelationship between the anatomic alterations of the lungs, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and clinical manifestations are collectively referred to as clinical scenarios.
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Description
Test your knowledge on respiratory failure with this informative quiz! From the ABG criteria for respiratory failure to the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that can lead to it, this quiz covers it all. You'll learn about the different classifications of respiratory failure, as well as the various disorders that can cause it. As a respiratory therapist, understanding respiratory failure is crucial, and this quiz will help you brush up on your knowledge. Take the quiz now and see how well you do!
