Questions and Answers
Which specimens can be used for testing sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate?
Serum, plasma, and urine
Which specimens can be used for sodium, potassium, and chloride testing?
Serum, plasma, and sweat only
Which anticoagulants are preferred for plasma specimens?
Lithium heparin, ammonium heparin, and lithium oxalate
What is the preferred anticoagulant for many of the specimens mentioned in the text?
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What is the most routinely used method for sodium and potassium testing?
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Why should hemolysis be avoided for some specimens?
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Which method is more accurate than indirect ISE for hyperproteinemic or hyperlipidemic samples?
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What is the most commonly used method for testing sodium, potassium, and chloride?
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What method is the reference method for calcium testing?
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Which cation is responsible for determining plasma osmolality levels?
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Which electrolyte disorder is common?
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What is the preferred specimen for calcium testing?
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Which method is the method of choice for chloride testing?
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What is the preferred specimen for some elements?
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What method is used for phosphate/phosphorus testing?
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What can affect the levels of these elements in the body?
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Which of the following is not a specimen used for testing the elements mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
- Specimens for sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate include serum, plasma, and urine.
- Lithium heparin is the preferred anticoagulant for many of these specimens.
- Hemolysis should be avoided for some specimens due to higher concentrations of certain elements in red blood cells.
- ISE (ion selective electrode) is the most commonly used method for sodium, potassium, and chloride testing.
- Colorimetric methods are also used for some elements.
- Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is the reference method for calcium testing.
- Serum or lithium heparin plasma is the preferred specimen for calcium testing.
- Accurately timed and acidified urine is the preferred specimen for some elements.
- The Fiske-Subbarow method is used for phosphate/phosphorus testing.
- The levels of these elements in the body can be affected by various factors such as intake and excretion of water and blood volume status.
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