Exercise 1

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Questions and Answers

Which specimens can be used for testing sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate?

Stool and sweat

Blood and saliva

Hair and nails

Serum, plasma, and urine (correct)

Which specimens can be used for sodium, potassium, and chloride testing?

Serum, plasma, and sweat only (correct)

Feces and GIT fluid only

All of the above

Blood and urine only

Which anticoagulants are preferred for plasma specimens?

Lithium heparin, ammonium heparin, and sodium oxalate

Sodium heparin and potassium oxalate

Lithium heparin, ammonium heparin, and lithium oxalate (correct)

EDTA and citrate

What is the preferred anticoagulant for many of the specimens mentioned in the text?

Lithium heparin Signup and view all the answers

What is the most routinely used method for sodium and potassium testing?

Ion selective electrode (ISE Signup and view all the answers

Why should hemolysis be avoided for some specimens?

It can interfere with the testing process Signup and view all the answers

Which method is more accurate than indirect ISE for hyperproteinemic or hyperlipidemic samples?

Direct ISE Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used method for testing sodium, potassium, and chloride?

ISE (ion selective electrode Signup and view all the answers

What method is the reference method for calcium testing?

Atomic absorption spectrophotometry Signup and view all the answers

Which cation is responsible for determining plasma osmolality levels?

Sodium Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte disorder is common?

Hyponatremia Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred specimen for calcium testing?

Serum or lithium heparin plasma Signup and view all the answers

Which method is the method of choice for chloride testing?

Ion selective electrode (ISE Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred specimen for some elements?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

What method is used for phosphate/phosphorus testing?

Fiske-Subbarow method Signup and view all the answers

What can affect the levels of these elements in the body?

Intake and excretion of water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a specimen used for testing the elements mentioned in the text?

Stool Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Specimens for sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate include serum, plasma, and urine.
Lithium heparin is the preferred anticoagulant for many of these specimens.
Hemolysis should be avoided for some specimens due to higher concentrations of certain elements in red blood cells.
ISE (ion selective electrode) is the most commonly used method for sodium, potassium, and chloride testing.
Colorimetric methods are also used for some elements.
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is the reference method for calcium testing.
Serum or lithium heparin plasma is the preferred specimen for calcium testing.
Accurately timed and acidified urine is the preferred specimen for some elements.
The Fiske-Subbarow method is used for phosphate/phosphorus testing.
The levels of these elements in the body can be affected by various factors such as intake and excretion of water and blood volume status.

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Description

How much do you know about clinical laboratory testing for electrolytes and minerals? Test your knowledge with this quiz! Learn about the preferred specimens, anticoagulants, and testing methods used for sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. Discover how factors like water intake and blood volume status can affect the levels of these elements in the body. Challenge yourself and see how well you score!