Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the mechanism of action of miotics in reducing IOP?
What is the mechanism of action of miotics in reducing IOP?
- They decrease aqueous production
- They block beta receptors
- They cause mydriasis
- They increase aqueous outflow (correct)
Which drug is a direct-acting cholinergic used for specific types of glaucoma?
Which drug is a direct-acting cholinergic used for specific types of glaucoma?
- Pilocarpine (correct)
- Carbachol
- Apraclonidine
- Brimonidine
Which drug is a less potent miotic than pilocarpine and may cause systemic side effects?
Which drug is a less potent miotic than pilocarpine and may cause systemic side effects?
- Brimonidine
- Carbachol (correct)
- Pilocarpine
- Apraclonidine
Which class of drugs is the most cost-effective for reducing IOP?
Which class of drugs is the most cost-effective for reducing IOP?
What percentage of IOP reduction do non-selective beta blockers provide?
What percentage of IOP reduction do non-selective beta blockers provide?
Which patients are contraindicated to use non-selective beta blockers for IOP reduction?
Which patients are contraindicated to use non-selective beta blockers for IOP reduction?
Which alpha2 agonist is highly selective and has neuroprotective effects?
Which alpha2 agonist is highly selective and has neuroprotective effects?
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Study Notes
- Miotics reduce IOP by increasing aqueous outflow.
- Pilocarpine is a direct-acting cholinergic used for specific types of glaucoma.
- Carbachol is a less potent miotic than pilocarpine and may cause systemic side effects.
- Beta blockers are the most cost-effective agents for reducing IOP.
- Non-selective beta blockers provide 25% IOP reduction, but are contraindicated in patients with asthma, COPD and heart disease.
- Selective beta blockers predominantly block beta1 and have fewer emotional/CNS side effects.
- Alpha2 agonists decrease aqueous production and provide 20-25% IOP reduction.
- Apraclonidine is relatively selective and causes slight mydriasis in Horner's syndrome.
- Brimonidine is highly selective and has neuroprotective effects.
- Topiramate can cause angle closure glaucoma.
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