Test Your Knowledge on Gastric Acid Reduction and Mucosal Protection Agents

Which of the following is an example of an antacid that increases pH by absorbing protons?

Which of the following drugs blocks H2 receptors to decrease HCl production?

What is the MOA of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?

Why are PPIs formulated as coated capsules?

What is the downside of PPIs' effectiveness?

What are the natural protection mechanisms of the gastroduodenal mucosa?

Which of the following is a commonly used mucosal protective agent that enhances natural mucosal defense mechanisms?

What is the MOA of bismuth subsalicylate?

What are the potential side effects of cimetidine in men and women?

Which of the following drugs inhibits chloride secretion?

Antacids absorb protons and increase pH, with sodium bicarbonate being one example.
Histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) block H2 receptors to decrease HCl production, with cimetidine being a prototype.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) irreversibly inhibit the proton pump to reduce HCl production, with omeprazole being an example.
PPIs are more effective than H2RAs and are formulated as coated capsules to reach the gastric mucosa.
PPIs increase the risk of infection due to their effectiveness.
Mucosal protective agents protect the mucosa from gastric acid.
Natural protection mechanisms of the gastroduodenal mucosa include tight junctions, mucus, bicarbonate secretion, tissue repair mechanisms, and mucosal prostaglandins.
Bismuth subsalicylate is a commonly used mucosal protective agent that enhances natural mucosal defense mechanisms.
The MOA of bismuth subsalicylate involves coating ulcers and erosions, inhibiting chloride secretion, and having anti-virulence effects.
Cimetidine can cause gynecomastia or impotence in men and galactorrhea in women, and should not be used in pregnant and nursing women.