Test Your Knowledge on Civil Law Obligations and Contracts

Study Notes

Civil law deals with personal and family relations, property, and contracts.
Obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to do.
There are three kinds of obligations: civil, natural, and moral.
Obligations can be real or personal, positive or negative, unilateral or bilateral.
Essential elements of obligation include active and passive subjects, prestation, and efficient cause.
Obligations can arise from law, contracts, quasi-contracts, acts punished by law, and quasi-delicts.
Parties may freely enter into any stipulations as long as they are not contrary to law, morals, good customs, public order, or public policy.
Quasi-contracts arise from lawful, voluntary, and unilateral acts.
Delicts arise from civil liability which is the consequence of a criminal offense.
Quasi-delicts arise from damage caused to another through an act or omission, there being fault or negligence, but no contractual relation exists between the parties.
Obligations must be expressly provided by law to be enforceable.
The Civil Code can be applicable to obligations arising from other laws.
Contracts must be valid and comply with good faith.
Unconscionable or unreasonable contracts may be unenforceable.
Quasi-contracts arise from voluntary unilateral acts to prevent unjust enrichment.
Delicts are governed by penal laws and civil obligations.
Criminal liability includes restitution, reparation, and indemnification.
Acquittal due to reasonable doubt results in no civil liability.
Quasi-delicts arise from negligence causing damage without pre-existing contractual relations.
Quasi-delicts are governed by specific provisions and special laws.