7 Questions
What is the purpose of the Casparian strip in the endodermis?
To force water sap to cross into the symplast of the endodermal cells
How does water move into the vascular cylinder of the root?
Through both the symplast and apoplast
What causes the fluid in a straw to move from a region of high pressure to a region of lower pressure?
Positive pressure
How is water pulled up through transpiration?
Negative pressure
What is the cohesion-tension hypothesis?
The ascent of water is explained through cohesive forces of water molecules
What causes the flow rate of water to increase in hotter and dryer air?
Increased evaporation of water molecules at the interface
How far does the pull of water transmit in plants?
All the way down to the root system
Study Notes
- Water in soil moves into the vascular cylinder of the root through the cortex via the symplast and apoplast.
- The Casparian strip in the endodermis blocks the apoplastic route, forcing water sap to cross into the symplast of the endodermal cells to enter the xylem cells of the vascular cylinder.
- Water is pulled up by tension in the vascular cylinder, but in short herbaceous plants, it can also be pushed up through guttation.
- Atmospheric pressure causes the fluid in a straw to move from a region of high pressure to a region of lower pressure by bulk flow through positive pressure.
- The water in the xylem conduits is pulled by negative pressure through transpiration.
- The air-water interface creates surface tension, pulling water molecules up when they evaporate.
- The cohesion-tension hypothesis explains the ascent of water through cohesive forces of water molecules.
- The pull of water from the spongy mesophyll cell walls leads to the bundle-sheath cells of the vascular tissue and eventually to the terminal ends of the tracheary elements.
- The hotter and dryer the air, the faster the flow rate of water due to increased evaporation of water molecules at the interface.
- All plants, including the tallest tree, transmit the pull of water all the way down to the root system.
How much do you know about the movement of water in plants? Test your knowledge with this quiz! From the symplast and apoplast pathways to the Casparian strip, the cohesion-tension hypothesis, and transpiration, this quiz covers the various mechanisms that facilitate the upward movement of water in plants. Whether you're a student of botany or just curious about how plants stay hydrated, this quiz is sure to challenge and educate you. So, put your thinking cap on and dive into the
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