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Study Notes
- CTET is a teaching eligibility test held by CBSE on 31 Jan 2021.
- Hindi is a main subject in both papers of CTET and contains 30 marks.
- Upasarg is a word element that adds meaning to a word by coming before it.
- Upasarg means "to create near" and is used to create new words.
- Hindi has four main types of upasarg, mostly derived from Sanskrit.
- The upasarg have specific meanings and can be used to form new words.
- Most Hindi upasarg are derived from Sanskrit upasarg and come before tadbhav words.
- Examples of Hindi upasarg include "pr-" meaning forward and "an-" meaning not.
- Knowing the upasarg can help in cracking the Hindi language section of CTET and TET exams.
- The article provides a list of Sanskrit upasarg and their meanings.
- Hindi language uses prefixes like पूरा, सम, आप, बहु, दु, etc.
- Urdu language uses prefixes like ला, बद, बे, खुश, हम, etc.
- English language uses prefixes like सब, हाफ, को, हैड, वाइस, etc.
- A prefix is a word part added to the beginning of a word.
- Prefixes can change the meaning of a word.
- There are two types of prefixes: upasarga and pratay.
- Upasarga is a prefix that is added to the beginning of a word.
- Pratay is a suffix that is added to the end of a word.
- Krit Pratay is a suffix added to a verb to form a noun.
- Pratay can change the meaning or function of a word.
- The text discusses taddhita pratyaya, which are affixes that join with nouns, pronouns, and adjectives.
- Taddhita pratyaya are formed by leaving the root verb and joining with other words.
- Words formed with taddhita pratyaya are called taddhitaant shabd.
- Examples of taddhita pratyaya include aai, aaiin, aaii, aani, aayat, aar/ara, aahat, il, isht, and ee.
- Aai means regret, aaiin means pundit, aaii means pundit, thakur, lad, chatur, or chaura.
- Aani means seth, naukar, or math.
- Aayat means many, panch, or apna.
- Aar/ara means iron, gold, milk, or village.
- Aahat means smooth, nervous, chill, or bitter.
- Il means foam, deceitful, lazy, tangled, mud, dream, or smoke.
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